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Lactate Dehydrogenase-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Represents a Powerful Prognostic Tool of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients Treated with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors

  • Original Article
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Pathology & Oncology Research

Abstract

Inflammation parameters were verified to predict clinical outcomes of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Here, we developed a novel marker, lactate dehydrogenase (tumor burden marker) to lymphocytes (inflammation marker) ratio (LLR), aimed to reveal the prognostic role of LLR for mRCC patients treated with TKIs. We collected clinical data of mRCC patients treated with TKIs. Receiver operating curve analysis was used to determine the optimal cut-off value. The c-index method was used to determine the best predictive marker for overall survival (OS). Clinicopathological characteristics on OS and progression-free survival (PFS) were evaluated by univariate analysis, and multivariate analyses. LLR provided the greatest improvement in the c-index, and displayed the best marker of the prognostic accuracy for OS. Univariate analysis revealed that LLR, ECOG PS and IMDC risks were significant predictors of OS and PFS. However, multivariate analysis indicated that IMDC risks failed to predict PFS, and only showed predictor of OS. We finally stratifed patients into low LLR (<150) and high LLR (≥150) group with different clinical outcomes. LLR represents a powerful prognostic tool of clinical outcome in mRCC patients treated with TKIs.

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Funding

This project was supported by the Health and Family Planning Commission of Wuhan Municipality WX18A07. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

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Author notes

  1. Tao Li and Heng Li contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Remin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan City, Hubei Province, China

    Tao Li, Heng Li, Sheng Xie, Yan Tan & Zi-Ping Xie

  2. First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, China

    Wen-Yi Li

  3. Department of Emergency, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China

    Fen Ai

Authors
  1. Tao Li
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  2. Heng Li
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  3. Sheng Xie
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  4. Yan Tan
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  5. Zi-Ping Xie
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Contributions

Tao LI, Heng LI, Sheng XIE, Yan TAN, and Zi-Ping XIE collected and analyzed the data, Tao LI wrote the manuscript, Wen-Yi LI and Fen AI designed and supervised the research, interpreted and discussed the data, and finally approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Wen-Yi Li or Fen Ai.

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Conflict of Interest

There are no potential conflicts of interest.

Research Involving Human Participants and/or Animals

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Institutional approval from Remin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine was granted to perform this retrospective study on human subjects. No animals were involved in this study.

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The study was approved to perform this retrospective study on human subjects and consequently no requirement for individual consent by the local ethical committee.

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Li, T., Li, H., Xie, S. et al. Lactate Dehydrogenase-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Represents a Powerful Prognostic Tool of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients Treated with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors. Pathol. Oncol. Res. 26, 1319–1324 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12253-019-00707-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12253-019-00707-z

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