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The Effects of Pimpinella anisum Essential Oils on Young Larvae Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

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Abstract

The effect of essential oil (EO) from anise (Pimpinellia anisum) on the mortality of young larvae of Colorado potato beetles has been studied. In our bioassays, P. anisum EO significantly increased the mortality of the second instar larvae of L. decemlineata. Significantly different values of LD50 and LD90 were established for acute (LD50 = 1.76, and LD90 = 8.29) as well as chronic toxicity (LD50 = 0.45, and LD90 = 1.01). Decrease of both values over experimental period was evident, which showed that the larval mortality was slow and cumulative. The composition of EO used for biological experiments was also assessed. The main component detected in EO from P. anisum was anethole (79.87%), followed by anisaldehyde (7.74%), estragole (5.88%) and β-linalool (1.07%). Within five days, residual concentration of EO decreased from 3.87 mg/g of dry weight immediately after foliar applications to 0.9 mg per g of dry weight. The effect of this slow evaporation could be explained by dominant presence of anethole or by the type of formulation and the addition of oil and tween. Results of our study demonstrate that EO from P. anisum has insecticidal properties that may lead to the development of new organic products for the control of Colorado potato beetles.

Resumen

Se estudió el efecto del aceite esencial (EO) del anis (Pimpinellia anisum) en la mortalidad de larvas jóvenes del escarabajo de Colorado. En nuestros bioensayos, el EO de P. anisum incrementó significativamente la mortalidad de las larvas de segundo instar de L. decemlineata. Se establecieron valores significativamente diferentes de LD50 y LD90 para toxicidad aguda (LD50 = 1.76 y LD90 = 8.29), así como para toxicidad crónica (LD50 = 0.45 y LD90 = 1.01). La disminución de ambos valores sobre el período experimental fue evidente, lo que mostró que la mortalidad de las larvas fue lenta y acumulativa. También se analizó la composición del EO usado para los experimentos biológicos. El principal componente detectado en EO de P. anisum fue anelthol (79.87%), seguido de anisaldehido (7.74%), estragol (5.88%) y β-linalool (1.07%). En cinco días, la concentración residual de EO disminuyó de 3.87 mg/g de peso seco inmediatamente después de las aplicaciones foliares, a 0.9 mg por g de peso seco. El efecto de esta lenta evaporación pudiera explicarse por la presencia dominante de anelthol o por el tipo de formulación y la adición de aceite y tween. Los resultados de nuestro estudio demuestran que el EO de P. anisum tiene propiedades insecticidas que pudieran conducir al desarrollo de nuevos productos orgánicos para el control del escarabajo de Colorado.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by a research grant from the Czech Ministry of Agriculture nr. QJ1310226 (JS, OD, RP, MZ) and CIGA 20162004 (PK, MB). The authors would like to thank Mrs. Irena Kubečková and Mrs. Sonja Mandíková for technical assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic

    Jiří Skuhrovec, Ondřej Douda & Roman Pavela

  2. Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic

    Pavel Klouček, Matěj Božik & Miloslav Zouhar

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  1. Jiří Skuhrovec
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  2. Ondřej Douda
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  3. Roman Pavela
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  4. Pavel Klouček
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  6. Miloslav Zouhar
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Correspondence to Jiří Skuhrovec.

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Skuhrovec, J., Douda, O., Pavela, R. et al. The Effects of Pimpinella anisum Essential Oils on Young Larvae Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Am. J. Potato Res. 94, 64–69 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-016-9549-x

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