Abstract
This work established a novel nucleic acid aptamer sensor for the sensitive and selective detection of AFB1 (Aflatoxin B1), which has important implication for food safety. In a word, we synthesized MXene/MWCNTs/NiCo2O4 composite nanomaterials to improve the sensitivity of the aptamer sensor. The surface of the composite nanomaterials was modified with PDA (poly dopamine) in order to immobilize the NH2-cDNA-aptamer complex on the electrode surface by the Schiff base reaction. Characterization of MXene/MWCNTs/NiCo2O4 nanocomposites was carried by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Meanwhile, 4-carboxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl free radical (TEMPO-COOH) was used as an electrochemical signal to detect AFB1. Under optimal conditions, the electrochemical DPV signal decreased with increasing AFB1 concentration, ranging from 2.5 to 200 ng/mL, and the lowest limit of detection (LOD) at 1.890 ng/mL (S/N = 3). In addition, the ensemble sensor showed great reproducibility, stability, and selectivity, which has been successfully applied to the determination of AFB1 in maize flour and maize residue samples with recoveries in the 92.2 ~ 109.8% range. Compared to other detection methods for AFB1, this approach afforded comparable detection limits and detection ranges, in reduced analysis time (within 5 min). Thus, a time-saving, sensitive, and selective approach was achieved for the rapid determination of AFB1 in food.
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Data Availability
The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
We would like to thank Analytical and Testing Center of Chongqing University for SEM and TEM images, XRD and XPS spectrum.
Funding
This work was supported by National Key R&D Program of China (NO. 2022YFC2106203), National Natural Science Foundation of China (NO. 81271930 and 31000425), the Research Project of Chongqing Science and Technology Commission of China (NO. cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0861), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (NO. 2020CDJ-LHZZ-033), Graduate Scientific Research and Innovation Foundation of Chongqing, China (NO. CYB22073).
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Jinhui Shen performed the experiment and wrote the main manuscript text; Juan Liu prepared Figs. 1–4; Siyi Yang prepared Figs. 5–9; Xin Yao prepared Tables 1–2; Huanbao Fa helped perform the analysis with constructive discussions; Changjun Hou and Mei Yang contributed to the conception of the study and Funding Acquisition. All authors reviewed the manuscript.
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Shen, J., Liu, J., Yang, S. et al. Novel Electrochemical Sensor Based on PDA/MXene/MWCNTs/NiCo2O4 Nanocomposites for Rapid, Sensitive, and Selective Detection of Aflatoxin B1. Food Anal. Methods 16, 1055–1068 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-023-02464-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-023-02464-x