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Aggressive Intraosseous Myofibroma of the Maxilla: Report of a Rare Case and Literature Review

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Abstract

Myofibroma (MF) is a benign mesenchymal myofibroblast-derived tumor, which occurs most frequently in children, and rarely affects the maxilla. We reported a case of an aggressive intraosseous lesion found in the maxilla of a 9-year-old female child. Intraorally, the swelling extended from tooth 12 to 16, causing displacement of teeth 13, 14, and 15. Computed tomography revealed a large osteolytic lesion causing thinning and cortical erosion. Microscopically, the lesion showed a proliferation of spindle-shaped cells, with elongated nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm, arranged in interlaced fascicles. The immunohistochemical analysis revealed cytoplasmic positivity for α-SMA and HHF-35, and negativity for desmin, laminin, S-100, β-catenin, and CD34. Ki-67 was positive in 8% of tumor cells. The diagnosis was MF. Herein, we describe an additional case of central MF arising in the maxilla, including clinical, imaging, microscopical, and immunohistochemical features, as well as a review of the literature.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Oral Pathology Section, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, SP, Brazil

    John Lennon Silva Cunha, Carla Isabelly Rodrigues-Fernandes, Ciro Dantas Soares, Celeste Sánchez-Romero & Pablo Agustin Vargas

  2. Molecular Pathology Area, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay

    Celeste Sánchez-Romero

  3. Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Aracaju, SE, Brazil

    Cleverson Luciano Trento

  4. Department of Oral Diagnosis and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil

    Bruno Augusto Benevenuto de Andrade

  5. Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

    Sílvia Ferreira de Sousa

  6. Laboratory of Morphology and Experimental Pathology, Institute of Technology and Research, Tiradentes University (UNIT), Avenida Murilo Dantas, 300, Aracaju, SE, 49032-490, Brazil

    Ricardo Luiz Cavalcanti de Albuquerque-Júnior

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  1. John Lennon Silva Cunha
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Cunha, J.L.S., Rodrigues-Fernandes, C.I., Soares, C.D. et al. Aggressive Intraosseous Myofibroma of the Maxilla: Report of a Rare Case and Literature Review. Head and Neck Pathol 15, 303–310 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12105-020-01162-y

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