Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Real-world outcomes according to treatment strategies in ALK-rearranged non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients: an Italian retrospective study

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Clinical and Translational Oncology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement confers sensitivity to ALK inhibitors (ALKis) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although several drugs provided an impressive outcome benefit, the most effective sequential strategy is still unknown. We describe outcomes of real-life patients according to the treatment strategy received.

Patients

We retrospectively collected 290 ALK rearranged advanced NSCLC diagnosed between 2011 and 2017 in 23 Italian institutions.

Results

After a median follow-up of 26 months, PFS for crizotinib and a new generation ALKis were 9.4 [CI 95% 7.9–11.2] and 11.1 months [CI 95% 9.2–13.8], respectively, while TTF were 10.2 [CI 95% 8.5–12.6] and 11.9 months [CI 95% 9.7–17.4], respectively, being consistent across the different settings. The composed outcomes (the sum of PFS or TTF) in patients treated with crizotinib followed by a new generation ALKis were 27.8 months [CI 95% 24.3–33.7] in PFS and 30.4 months [CI 95% 24.7–34.9] in TTF. The median OS from the diagnosis of advanced disease was 39 months [CI 95% 31.8–54.5]. Patients receiving crizotinib followed by a new generation ALKis showed a higher median OS [57 months (CI 95% 42.0–73.8)] compared to those that did not receive crizotinib [38 months (CI 95% 18.6–NR)] and those who performed only crizotinib as target agent [15 months (CI 95% 11.3–34.0)] (P < 0.0001).

Conclusion

The sequential administration of crizotinib and a new generation ALKis provided a remarkable clinical benefit in this real-life population, being an interesting option to consider in selected patients.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Inamura K, Takeuchi K, Togashi Y, Nomura K, Ninomiya H, Okui M, Satoh Y, Okumura S, Nakagawa K, Soda M, Choi YL, Niki T, Mano H, Ishikawa Y. EML4-ALK fusion is linked to histological characteristics in a subset of lung cancers. J Thorac Oncol. 2008;3:13–7. https://doi.org/10.1097/JTO.0b013e31815e8b60.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Barlesi F, Mazieres J, Merlio J-P, Debieuvre D, Mosser J, Lena H, Ouafik L, Besse B, Rouquette I, Westeel V, Escande F, Monnet I, Lemoine A, Veillon R, Blons H, Audigier-Valette C, Bringuier P-P, Lamy R, Beau-Faller M, Pujol J-L, Sabourin J-C, Penault-Llorca F, Denis MG, Lantuejoul S, Morin F, Tran Q, Missy P, Langlais A, Milleron B, Cadranel J, Soria J-C, Zalcman G. Biomarkers France contributors, routine molecular profiling of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: results of a 1-year nationwide programme of the French Cooperative Thoracic Intergroup (IFCT). Lancet. 2016;387:1415–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(16)00004-0.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Hida T, Nokihara H, Kondo M, Kim YH, Azuma K, Seto T, Takiguchi Y, Nishio M, Yoshioka H, Imamura F, Hotta K, Watanabe S, Goto K, Satouchi M, Kozuki T, Shukuya T, Nakagawa K, Mitsudomi T, Yamamoto N, Asakawa T, Asabe R, Tanaka T, Tamura T. Alectinib versus crizotinib in patients with ALK-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (J-ALEX): an open-label, randomised phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2017;390:29–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30565-2.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Peters S, Camidge DR, Shaw AT, Gadgeel S, Ahn JS, Kim D-W, Ou S-HI, Pérol M, Dziadziuszko R, Rosell R, Zeaiter A, Mitry E, Golding S, Balas B, Noe J, Morcos PN, Mok T. Alectinib versus crizotinib in untreated ALK-positive non–small-cell lung cancer. N Engl J Med. 2017;377:829–38. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1704795.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Camidge DR, Kim HR, Ahn M-J, Yang JC-H, Han J-Y, Lee J-S, Hochmair MJ, Li JY-C, Chang G-C, Lee KH, Gridelli C, Delmonte A, Garcia Campelo R, Kim D-W, Bearz A, Griesinger F, Morabito A, Felip E, Califano R, Ghosh S, Spira A, Gettinger SN, Tiseo M, Gupta N, Haney J, Kerstein D, Popat S. Brigatinib versus crizotinib in ALK-positive non–small-cell lung cancer. N Engl J Med. 2018;379:2027–39. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1810171.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Camidge DR PS, Shaw A, A. University of Colorado, L. Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois—CHUV, H.K. Chinese University of Hong Kong, A.A. University of Michigan, T. Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre, S.L. Northern Cancer Institute, M. European Institute of Oncology, M.C.O. Hospital &#x2116, M. 62 of Moscow Department of Health, S. Severence Hospital, G. Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, G. Grenoble University Hospital, B. F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., B. Massachusetts General Hospital, Updated efficacy and safety data from the global phase III ALEX study of alectinib (ALC) vs crizotinib (CZ) in untreated advanced ALK+ NSCLC.(2018. https://meetinglibrary.asco.org/record/160811/abstract. Accessed 1 Mar 2019.

  7. Horn L, Infante JR, Reckamp KL, Blumenschein GR, Leal TA, Waqar SN, Gitlitz BJ, Sanborn RE, Whisenant JG, Du L, Neal JW, Gockerman JP, Dukart G, Harrow K, Liang C, Gibbons JJ, Holzhausen A, Lovly CM, Wakelee HA. Ensartinib (X-396) in ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer: results from a first-in-human phase I/II, multicenter study. Clin Cancer Res. 2018;24:2771–9. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-17-2398.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Solomon BJ, Besse B, Bauer TM, Felip E, Soo RA, Camidge DR, Chiari R, Bearz A, Lin C-C, Gadgeel SM, Riely GJ, Tan EH, Seto T, James LP, Clancy JS, Abbattista A, Martini J-F, Chen J, Peltz G, Thurm H, Ou S-HI, Shaw AT. Lorlatinib in patients with ALK-positive non-small-cell lung cancer: results from a global phase 2 study. Lancet Oncol. 2018;19:1654–67. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30649-1.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. NCT02097810_Study of Oral RXDX-101 in Adult Patients with Locally Advanced or Metastatic Cancer Targeting NTRK1, NTRK2, NTRK3, ROS1, or ALK Molecular Alterations, (n.d.).

  10. NCT03093116_A Study of TPX-0005 in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors Harboring ALK, ROS1, or NTRK1–3 Rearrangements, (n.d.).

  11. Novello S, Mazières J, Oh I-J, de Castro J, Migliorino MR, Helland Å, Dziadziuszko R, Griesinger F, Kotb A, Zeaiter A, Cardona A, Balas B, Johannsdottir HK, Das-Gupta A, Wolf J. Alectinib versus chemotherapy in crizotinib-pretreated anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive non-small-cell lung cancer: results from the phase III ALUR study. Ann Oncol. 2018;29:1409–16. https://doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdy121.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  12. Shaw AT, Kim TM, Crinò L, Gridelli C, Kiura K, Liu G, Novello S, Bearz A, Gautschi O, Mok T, Nishio M, Scagliotti G, Spigel DR, Deudon S, Zheng C, Pantano S, Urban P, Massacesi C, Viraswami-Appanna K, Felip E. Ceritinib versus chemotherapy in patients with ALK-rearranged non-small-cell lung cancer previously given chemotherapy and crizotinib (ASCEND-5): a randomised, controlled, open-label, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2017;18:874–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(17)30339-X.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Kim D-W, Tiseo M, Ahn M-J, Reckamp KL, Hansen KH, Kim S-W, Huber RM, West HL, Groen HJM, Hochmair MJ, Leighl NB, Gettinger SN, Langer CJ, Paz-Ares Rodríguez LG, Smit EF, Kim ES, Reichmann W, Haluska FG, Kerstein D, Camidge DR. Brigatinib in patients with crizotinib-refractory anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive non-small-cell lung cancer: a randomized, multicenter phase II trial. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35:2490–8. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2016.71.5904.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Goldstraw P, Crowley J, Chansky K, Giroux DJ, Groome PA, Rami-Porta R, Postmus PE, Rusch V, Sobin L. International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer International Staging Committee, Participating Institutions, the IASLC Lung Cancer Staging Project: proposals for the revision of the TNM stage groupings in the forthcoming (seventh) edition of the TNM Classification of malignant tumours. J Thorac Oncol. 2007;2:706–14. https://doi.org/10.1097/JTO.0b013e31812f3c1a.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Schoenfeld D. Partial residuals for the proportional hazards regression model. Biometrika. 1982;69:239–41. https://doi.org/10.1093/biomet/69.1.239.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Kaplan EL, Meier P. Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations. J Am Stat Assoc. 1958;53:457–81. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1958.10501452.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Lin JJ, Zhu VW, Yoda S, Yeap BY, Schrock AB, Dagogo-Jack I, Jessop NA, Jiang GY, Le LP, Gowen K, Stephens PJ, Ross JS, Ali SM, Miller VA, Johnson ML, Lovly CM, Hata AN, Gainor JF, Iafrate AJ, Shaw AT, Ou S-HI. Impact of EML4-ALK variant on resistance mechanisms and clinical outcomes in ALK-positive lung cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2017.76.2294.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  18. Gainor JF, Dardaei L, Yoda S, Friboulet L, Leshchiner I, Katayama R, Dagogo-Jack I, Gadgeel S, Schultz K, Singh M, Chin E, Parks M, Lee D, DiCecca RH, Lockerman E, Huynh T, Logan J, Ritterhouse LL, Le LP, Muniappan A, Digumarthy S, Channick C, Keyes C, Getz G, Dias-Santagata D, Heist RS, Lennerz J, Sequist LV, Benes CH, Iafrate AJ, Mino-Kenudson M, Engelman JA, Shaw AT. Molecular mechanisms of resistance to first- and second-generation ALK inhibitors in ALK-rearranged lung cancer. Cancer Discov. 2016;6:1118–33. https://doi.org/10.1158/2159-8290.CD-16-0596.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  19. Solomon BJ, Kim D-W, Wu Y-L, Nakagawa K, Mekhail T, Felip E, Cappuzzo F, Paolini J, Usari T, Tang Y, Wilner KD, Blackhall F, Mok TS. Final overall survival analysis from a study comparing first-line crizotinib versus chemotherapy in ALK-mutation-positive non–small-cell lung cancer. J Clin Oncol. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2017.77.4794.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  20. Felip E, Nishio M, Orlov S, Park K, Yu C-J, Tsai C-M, Cobo M, McKeage M, Su W-C, Mok T, Scagliotti G, Spiegel M, Passos V, Chen Z, Shaw AT, Overall survival results of ceritinib in ALKi-naïve patients with ALK-rearranged NSCLC (ASCEND-3), in: n.d. https://oncologypro.esmo.org/Meeting-Resources/ESMO-2018-Congress/Overall-survival-results-of-ceritinib-in-ALKi-naive-patients-with-ALK-rearranged-NSCLC-ASCEND-3. Accessed 18 Mar 2019.

  21. Reynolds C, Masters ET, Black-Shinn J, Boyd M, Mardekian J, Espirito JL, Chioda M. Real-world use and outcomes of ALK-positive crizotinib-treated metastatic NSCLC in US community oncology practices: a retrospective observational study. J Clin Med. 2018;7:1–2. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm7060129.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Davis KL, Kaye JA, Masters ET, Iyer S. Real-world outcomes in patients with ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer treated with crizotinib. Curr Oncol. 2018;25:e40–e4949. https://doi.org/10.3747/co.25.3723.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  23. Soria J-C, Tan DSW, Chiari R, Wu Y-L, Paz-Ares L, Wolf J, Geater SL, Orlov S, Cortinovis D, Yu C-J, Hochmair M, Cortot AB, Tsai C-M, Moro-Sibilot D, Campelo RG, McCulloch T, Sen P, Dugan M, Pantano S, Branle F, Massacesi C, de Castro G. First-line ceritinib versus platinum-based chemotherapy in advanced ALK-rearranged non-small-cell lung cancer (ASCEND-4): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 study. Lancet. 2017;389:917–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30123-X.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Gobbini E, Galetta D, Tiseo M, Graziano P, Rossi A, Bria E, Di Maio M, Rossi G, Gregorc V, Riccardi F, Scotti V, Ceribelli A, Buffoni L, Delmonte A, Franchina T, Migliorino MR, Cortinovis D, Pisconti S, Bordi P, Catino A, Maiello E, Arizio F, Novello S, et al. Molecular profiling in Italian patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: an observational prospective study. Lung Cancer Amst Neth. 2017;111:30–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lungcan.2017.06.009.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oncology, University of Turin, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Italy

    E. Gobbini, F. Tabbò & S. Novello

  2. Cancer Research Center Lyon, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 Rue Laennec, 69008, Lyon Cedex 08, France

    E. Gobbini

  3. Oncology Unit, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Sant’Andrea delle Fratte, 6156, Perugia, Italy

    R. Chiari

  4. Medical Thoracic Unit, IRCCS Istituto Oncologico “Giovanni Paolo II”, Viale Orazio Flacco 65, 70124, Bari, Italy

    P. Pizzutillo & D. Galetta

  5. Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital, Via Gramsci 14, 43123, Parma, Italy

    P. Bordi & M. Tiseo

  6. Oncology Department, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Piazza OMS 1, 24127, Bergamo, Italy

    L. Ghilardi

  7. Oncology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Piazzale L.A. Scuro 10, 37134, Verona, Italy

    S. Pilotto

  8. UOSD Pneumologia Oncologica, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, Circonvallazione Gianicolense 87, 00152, Roma, Italy

    G. Osman

  9. Oncology and Hematology Department, AUSL Romagna-Ravenna, Viale Randi 5, 48100, Ravenna, Italy

    F. Cappuzzo

  10. Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Roma, Italy

    F. Cecere

  11. Oncology Unit, Antonio Cardarelli Hospital, Via Antonio Cardarelli 9, 80131, Napoli, Italy

    F. Riccardi

  12. Radiotherapy Unit, University Hospital Careggi, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134, Firenze, Italy

    V. Scotti

  13. Medical Oncology Unit, San Giovanni Addolorata Hospital, Via dell’Amba Aradam 9, 00184, Rome, Italy

    O. Martelli

  14. Oncology Unit, East Piedmont University, Maggiore della Carità Hospital, Corso Mazzini 18, 28100, Novara, Italy

    G. Borra

  15. Department of Oncology and Hematology, Foundation IRCCS ‘Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza’, Viale Cappuccini 1, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy

    E. Maiello, A. Rossi & P. Graziano

  16. Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina Milano 60, 20132, Milano, Italy

    V. Gregorc

  17. Oncology Unit, Valduce Hospital, Via Dante Alighieri 11, 22100, Como, Italy

    C. Casartelli

  18. Oncology Unit, A.O.R.N.A.S Garibaldi Nesima, Via Palermo 636, 95100, Catania, Italy

    C. Sergi

  19. S.O.C. Oncologia Medica e dei Tumori Immunocorrelati, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO), IRCCS, Via Gallini 2, Aviano, Italy

    A. Del Conte

  20. Thoracic Oncology Group, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, IRCCS, Via Maroncelli 40, 47014, Meldola, Italy

    A. Delmonte

  21. Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 28, 20122, Milan, Italy

    C. Bareggi

  22. Oncology Unit, ASST San Gerardo Hospital, Via G. B. Pergolesi 33, 20052, Monza, Italy

    D. Cortinovis

  23. Medical Oncology Division and Breast Unit, Antonio Perrino Hospital, Strada Statale 7 per Mesagne, 72100, Brindisi, Italy

    P. Rizzo

  24. Operative Unit of Pathologic Anatomy, Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale della Romagna, Hospital St. Maria delle Croci, Viale Vincenzo Randi 5, 48121, Ravenna, Italy

    G. Rossi

  25. U.O.C. Oncologia Medica, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168, Roma, Italy

    E. Bria

  26. Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Mauriziano Umberto I, Via Magellano 1, 10128, Turin, Italy

    M. Di Maio

Authors
  1. E. Gobbini
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. R. Chiari
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. P. Pizzutillo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. P. Bordi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. L. Ghilardi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. S. Pilotto
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. G. Osman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. F. Cappuzzo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. F. Cecere
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. F. Riccardi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  11. V. Scotti
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  12. O. Martelli
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  13. G. Borra
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  14. E. Maiello
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  15. A. Rossi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  16. P. Graziano
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  17. V. Gregorc
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  18. C. Casartelli
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  19. C. Sergi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  20. A. Del Conte
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  21. A. Delmonte
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  22. C. Bareggi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  23. D. Cortinovis
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  24. P. Rizzo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  25. F. Tabbò
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  26. G. Rossi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  27. E. Bria
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  28. D. Galetta
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  29. M. Tiseo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  30. M. Di Maio
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  31. S. Novello
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

S. Novello, M. Di Maio, M. Tiseo, P. Graziano, D. Galetta, E. Bria, A. Rossi and G. Rossi contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by E. Gobbini with the contribution of all other authors. The first draft of the manuscript was written by E. Gobbini and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to E. Gobbini.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

Dr. Gobbini reports personal fees from Astrazeneca, grants and personal fees from Bristol-Myers Squibb, personal fees from Roche, personal fees from Merck Sharpe and Dohme, outside the submitted work; Dr. Pilotto reports personal fees from Astrazeneca, personal fees from Eli-Lilly, personal fees from Bristol Mayers Squibb, personal fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, personal fees from Roche, personal fees from Merck Sharpe and Dohme, personal fees from Istituto Gentili, outside the submitted work; Dr. Scotti reports personal fees from Roche, personal fees from Pfizer, outside the submitted work; Dr. Rossi reports personal fees from Roche, outside the submitted work; Dr. Cappuzzo reports personal fees from Roche, personal fees from Astrazeneca, personal fees from Brystol Myers Squibb, personal fees from Takeda, personal fees from Pfizer, personal fees from Eli-Lilly, personal fees from Merck Sharpe and Dohme, outside the submitted work; Dr. Di Maio reports personal fees from Brystol Myers Squibb, personal fees from Merck Sharp and Dohme, personal fees from Roche, personal fees from Astrazeneca, personal fees from Janssen, personal fees from Takeda, personal fees from Pfizer, outside the submitted work; Dr. Tiseo reports personal fees from Astrazeneca, personal fees from Brystol Myers Squibb, personal fees from Merck Sharpe and Dohme, personal fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, from Takeda, outside the submitted work; Dr. Novello reports personal fees from Astrazeneca, personal fees from Boheringer Ingelheim, personal fees from Brystol Myers Squibb, personal fees from Celgene, personal fees from Eli-Lilly, personal fees from Abbvie, personal fees from Merck Sharpe and Dohme, personal fees from Takeda, personal fees from Pfizer, personal fees from Roche, outside the submitted work.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in this retrospective study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the oncologic centers involved. Notably, this study (protocol n° 11/663) was approved by the central institutional review board of San Luigi Hospital in Orbassano (reference n° 91/2014) and the decision was transmitted to all the other oncologic centers involved.

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study for retrieving data from hospital medical record systems. Anonymized data were thus collected at the San Luigi Hospital. This protocol did not modify patient’s clinical management.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary file1 (DOCX 199 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Gobbini, E., Chiari, R., Pizzutillo, P. et al. Real-world outcomes according to treatment strategies in ALK-rearranged non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients: an Italian retrospective study. Clin Transl Oncol 22, 294–301 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12094-019-02222-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12094-019-02222-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation