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Clinicopathological Characteristics, Prognostic Factors, and Treatment Outcomes of Patients with Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma Treated with Glossectomy: A Tertiary Oncology Center Experience

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Abstract

Oral tongue squamous cell cancer (OTSCC) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide and incidence increases with age. An alarming increase in the incidence of OTSCC in the younger age group. This study aimed to explore clinical and histopathological characteristics, survival, and other post-surgical outcomes in patients with OTSCC treated with glossectomy through the Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery at the Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNGHA) within our study period. This is a retrospective study carried out through the collection and analysis of data from medical charts of 56 patients with oral tongue cancer who were treated by glossectomy. Treatment was initiated from January 2010 to December 2021. Patient characteristics, tumor characteristics, treatment modality, failure patterns, and survival rates were collected and analyzed. At diagnosis, 62.5% were tobacco smokers, 46.8% had poor dental hygiene, and 76.8% had ulcerative lesions. Furthermore, 33 cases presented with early-stage clinical disease and 23 cases with advanced stage. The median follow-up was 54 months, 28 patients (50%) were free for 3–5 years. Patients who were free on 5-year follow-up had a significantly higher percentage of negative lymphovascular and perineural invasion (p < 0.05). Additionally, 12 patients (21.4%) had developed recurrence. Mortality in all cases was 30.3, but mortality-related cancer was 19.6%. Locoregional failure remains the main cause of treatment failure in resectable OTSCC. Pathological T-stage, N-stage, LVI, PNI, ECE, and LNR are all considered strong prognostic factors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Ministry of the National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, KSA, Saudi Arabia

    Hadi A. Al-Hakami, Mohammad A. Alshareef & Mohammed Al-Garni

  2. Otorhinolaryngeology H & N Surgery Department, DSFH, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Atheer Ali Al-Talhi

  3. College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Bassam AlRajhi, Abdulrahman E. Alghamdi, Naif M. Aloufi & Zyad E. Raffah

  4. King Abdullah international Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Bassam AlRajhi, Abdulrahman E. Alghamdi, Naif M. Aloufi & Zyad E. Raffah

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  1. Hadi A. Al-Hakami
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Al-Hakami, H.A., Al-Talhi, A.A., AlRajhi, B. et al. Clinicopathological Characteristics, Prognostic Factors, and Treatment Outcomes of Patients with Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma Treated with Glossectomy: A Tertiary Oncology Center Experience. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12070-024-04720-w

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