Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

To Study the Association of the Size and Site of Tympanic Membrane Perforation with the Degree of Hearing Loss

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Chronic suppurative otitis media is a serious health problem worldwide. It has been a general view that the hearing loss increases with the size of the perforation, more so if it is in the postero- inferior quadrant. The present study is an effort to test the validity of above concepts. With Institutional ethical committee clearance, an observational study was carried at SMS medical college, Jaipur. A total of 90 cases were studied. All cases between the age group 15–50 years with dry tympanic membrane perforations were divided into 3 groups Group I (0–9 mm²), Group II (9–30 mm²), Group III (>30 mm²) with 30 in each group based on size of perforation. Hearing loss was calculated as average of hearing loss at 500, 1000, 2000 Hz. Similarly the site of perforation was grouped as perforation involving anterior quadrant, posterior quadrant and multiple quadrant as Group A, Group B, Group C respectively. At the end of study, data was compiled systematically and analyzed using Post Hoc test. The age group ranges between 15 and 50 years with mean age of 25.6 years. Hearing loss was found to be directly proportional to the size of perforation in our study. (p = 0.000, highly significant). We also observed that hearing loss was more in posterior and multiple perforations than in anterior perforations. (p = 0.000, highly significant). Overall this study has shown significant correlation between the size and the site of the perforation to the degree of hearing loss.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Donaldson JA, Duckert LG (1991) Anatomy of the ear. In: Paparella MM, Shumrick DA (eds) Otolaryngology. Basic sciences and related principles, 3rd edn. WB Saunders Company, Philadelphia

    Google Scholar 

  2. Pannu K, Chadha S, Kumar D (2011) Preeti: Evaluation of Hearing Loss in Tympanic Membrane Perforation. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 63(3):208–213

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  3. SachdevVP, Bhatia JN (1965) Indian J. Otolaryngol, 17, 134–139. (Quoted by Mann et al. 1976)

  4. Eliachar Z (1978) Audiologic manifestations in otitis media. Otolaryngol clin North Am 11:769–776

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Mann SBS, Grewal ES, Nanar MS, Mehra YN, Arora MML (1989) Incidence of chronic suppurative otitis media in general population (a rural survey). Indian J Otolaryngol 28:35–40

    Google Scholar 

  6. Mawson SR (1979) Diseases of the ear, 4th edn. Edward Annold, London

    Google Scholar 

  7. Anthony WP, Harrison EW (1972) Tympanic membrane perforation effect on audiogram. Arch Otolaryngol 95:506–510

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Kumar N, Chilke D, Puttewar MP (2012) Clinical profile of tubotympanic CSOM and its management with special reference to site and size of tympanic membrane perforation, eustachian tube function and three flap tympanoplasty. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 64(1):5–12. doi:10.1007/s12070-010-0114-5

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Kharadi P, Prajapati V, Mehta K, Jha S, Pandya V (2014) A study of correlation of size and site of perforation with deafness. SEAJCRR SEPT-OCT 3(5):939–947

    Google Scholar 

  10. Gudepu P, Kesavan B, Kanchumurthy A (2016) Comparative study of hearing loss with site and size of perforation. J Evid Based Med Healthc 3(41):2035–2040. doi:10.18410/jebmh/2016/454

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Rafique M, Farukh S, Sheikh A (2014) Assessment of hearing loss in tympanic membrane perforation at tertiary care hospitals. JLUMHS 13(01):33–36

    Google Scholar 

  12. Ristovska L, Jachova Z, Filipovski R, Atanasovska R (2016) Correlation between tympanic membrane perforation and hearing. J Special Edu Rehabil 17(1–2):36–49. doi:10.19057/jser.2016.2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Mehta RP, Rosowski JJ, Voss SE, Neil E, Merchant SN (2006) Determinants of hearing loss in perforations of the tympanic membrane. Otol Neurotol 27(2):136–143. doi:10.1097/01.mao.0000176177.17636.53

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  14. Vaidya S, Sharma JK, Singh G (2014) Study of outcome of tympanoplasties in relation to size and site of tympanic membrane perforation. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 66(3):341–346. doi:10.1007/s12070-014-0733-3

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  15. Nepal A, Bhandary S, Mishra SC, Singh I, Kumar P (2007) Assessment of quantitative hearing loss in relation to the morphology of central tympanic membrane perforations. Nepal Med Coll J 9(4):239–244

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Ahmad SW, Ramani GV (1979) Hearing loss in perforations of the tympanic membrane. J Laryngol Otol 93(11):1091–1098

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Maharjan M, Kafle P, Bista M, Shrestha S, Toran KC (2009) Observation of hearing loss in patients with chronic suppurative otitis media tubotympanic type. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ). 7(28):397–401

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Ibekwe TS, Nwaorgu OG, Ijaduola TG (2009) Correlating the site of tympanic membrane perforation with hearing loss. BMC Ear Nose Throat Dis 9:1. doi:10.1186/1472-6815-9-1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Nahata V, Patil CY, Patil RK, Gattani G, Disawal A, Roy A (2014) Tympanic membrane perforation: its correlation with hearing loss and frequency affected—an analytical study. Indian J otol 20(1):10–15

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Bhusal CL, Guragain RP, Shrivastav RP (2006) Size of tympanic membrane perforation and hearing loss. JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc 45(161):167–172

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, SMS Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

    Shubhangi Gupta, Rekha Harshvardhan & Sunil Samdani

Authors
  1. Shubhangi Gupta
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Rekha Harshvardhan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Sunil Samdani
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shubhangi Gupta.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

None.

Ethical Approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Ethical Committee Number-1719/MC/EC/2015.

Informed Consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Gupta, S., Harshvardhan, R. & Samdani, S. To Study the Association of the Size and Site of Tympanic Membrane Perforation with the Degree of Hearing Loss. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 71 (Suppl 2), 1047–1052 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12070-017-1102-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12070-017-1102-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation