Abstract
This study explores how Pacitan Bay, Indonesia's coastal vegetation, can help mitigate tsunamis. It combines numerical modelling and field observations to assess the role and performance of vegetation while addressing the existing vegetated occupancy and gap between sectors. The study utilises simulations and on-site data to evaluate how coastal vegetation reduces tsunami wave energy and enhances coastal resilience. The findings emphasise the importance of vegetation as a natural defence against tsunamis in Pacitan Bay and highlight the need to address the open gap. This research offers valuable insights for coastal management, improving future strategies for effective tsunami mitigation.
Research highlights
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1.
The research confirms the effectiveness of using a nested grid pattern to accurately simulate tsunamis in intricate coastal areas, showcasing successful grid transitions and propagation of reflected waves.
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The role of coastal vegetation in reducing the impact of tsunamis is vital, as larger forested areas and denser vegetation result in more effective wave reduction.
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Challenges faced by coastal vegetation in Pacitan Bay encompass soil quality, microclimate conditions, land-use changes, and threats such as illegal logging and natural events.
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4.
Addressing these challenges requires a combination of policies, enforcement, community-based initiatives, and collaboration to enhance coastal resilience and maintain a thriving ecosystem.
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Acknowledgements
We would like to express our sincere gratitude to Dr Ing Widjo Kongko for his invaluable discussions and insightful comments regarding tsunami run-up simulations. We would also like to thank Dr Suprapto Siswosukarto and Dr Ali Awaludin for their valuable discussions on the hypothetical model for tsunami earthquake scenarios. Additionally, our heartfelt thanks go to Prof. Joko Sujono for his guidance on the characteristics of coastal forest growth in Pacitan. Their expertise and contributions have significantly enhanced the quality of this research.
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B: Conceptualisation, field survey, simulation, data analysis, visualisation, writing – original draft, editing, revising. RT: Editing, reviewing, and improving the quality of the manuscript. NY and APR: Reviewing and improving the quality of the manuscript. K: Field survey for topography data. BT and N: Reviewing and revising the manuscript.
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Benazir, Triatmadja, R., Yuwono, N. et al. Investigating the tsunami-mitigating properties of vegetated coastal areas in Pacitan Bay, Indonesia: A synergistic approach of numerical modelling and field observations. J Earth Syst Sci 133, 37 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-023-02242-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-023-02242-7