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Hypothyroidism is associated with clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction: subgroup analysis of China PEACE study

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Abstract

Purpose

Thyroid dysfunction contributes to adverse events in several types of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the present study is to determine whether thyroid status is associated with the prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Methods

The present cohort arose from the China PEACE‑Prospective AMI study. Based on the evaluation of thyroid status, participants were divided into euthyroid, hypothyroid, and hyperthyroid groups. A total of 2569 AMI patients met the inclusion criteria of our present study. The primary outcomes were the 12-month composite cardiovascular endpoint (CCVE, a composite of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, revascularization, and heart failure) and the composite cardio-cerebral vascular endpoint (CCCVE, comprising CCVE and stroke).

Results

Of the entire cohort, 431 patients (16.8%) confirmed hypothyroid status and 102 (4.0%) were at hyperthyroid status. There were total 594 CCVEs (23.1%) and 687 CCCVEs (26.7%) in the general population. After adjusting conventional risk factors, AMI patients from the hypothyroid status group were at increased risk of the two composite endpoints, compared with euthyroid individuals (CCVE, HR:1.337, 95%CI: 1.097–1.630; CCCVE, HR:1.336, 95%CI: 1.111–1.607). However, no significant increased trends of the two composite endpoints could be observed in hyperthyroid group. Furthermore, hypothyroid status was also independently associated with a higher risk of revascularization (HR: 1.648, 95%CI: 1.047–2.595) and heart failure (HR: 1.382, 95%CI: 1.066–1.792).

Conclusion

Compared with euthyroid status, hypothyroid status has an independent predicting value for adverse cardiovascular events in AMI patients. Further investigations are required to illustrate whether treatment of thyroid dysfunction could improve the prognosis of AMI patients.

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Acknowledgements

The authors appreciate the investigators of China PEACE prospective AMI study. We are deeply grateful for the guidance given by Dr. Xi Li and Prof. Jing Li. We acknowledge the help from Wei Li, Yang Wang, and Yanyan Zhao (Medical Research & Biometrics Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, China) with the statistical analyses.

Funding

This work was supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (2020YFC2004700), National Natural Science Foundation of China (81800327, 81825003, 91957123), and the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (CIFMS 2016-I2M-1-009).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

    Wenyao Wang, Siyuan Wang, Kuo Zhang, Jing Chen, Xuan Zhang, Chunli Shao & Ping Li

  2. Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China

    Yi-Da Tang

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  1. Wenyao Wang
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  3. Kuo Zhang
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Contributions

All authors—W.W., S.W., K.Z., J.C., X.Z., C.S., P.L., and Y.D.T.—provided inputs in study design. W.W., S.W., K.Z., J.C., and X.Z. were involved in data collection and data analysis. Y.D.T., W.W., and S.W. were responsible for publication writing. All authors reviewed and approved the final version of this manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ping Li or Yi-Da Tang.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Publisher’s note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

The China PEACE‑Prospective AMI study was registered on www. clinicaltrials.gov (No. NCT01624909; June 21, 2012).

These authors contributed equally: Wenyao Wang, Siyuan Wang

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Wang, W., Wang, S., Zhang, K. et al. Hypothyroidism is associated with clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction: subgroup analysis of China PEACE study. Endocrine 74, 128–137 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-021-02742-w

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