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Age at menarche and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Abstract

Purpose

Epidemiological studies had demonstrated that early age at menarche increased the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) shares many risk factors and features with T2DM. Thus, age at menarche may be a potential factor in the development of GDM. The aim of this study was to assess the association between age at menarche and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus.

Methods

The databases of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library were searched up to June 2017.

Results

A total of 50,535 participants from five individual studies were included in the meta-analyses to evaluate the risk of GDM. Meta-analysis showed that women with menarche at an early age (≤11 years) had a higher GDM risk than those with menarche at age ≥12 years. (OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.26–1.68; P < .00001) There was low heterogeneity among the studies (Q = 6.4; P = 0.17; I2 = 38).

Conclusions

This meta-analysis demonstrated that earlier menarche was strongly associated with an increased risk of GDM. A history of early age at menarche may help identify women at high risk of GDM and allow the implementation for the strategy of early prevention.

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Author contributions

X.S. contributed to analysis and interpretation of data; prepared and drafted manuscript. L.Y. was involved in article revises. J.P. was involved in the acquisition of data. X.C. was involved in execution and revised the article. H.Y. contributed to article revises. Y.W. was involved in execution. Z.C contributed to conception and design of study. L.M. contributed to conception and study design, revised the article and approved the version to be published.

Funding

This study was supported by Wenzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau (Y20170122 and Y20160037), Zhejiang Traditional Chinese Medicine Foundation (2017ZQ020), and Zhejiang Provincial Medical and Health Research Project (2017KY462).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China

    Xiaoting Sun, Jiexue Pan, Haiyan Yang, Xia Chen & Liangshan Mu

  2. Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China

    Lili Yang

  3. Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China

    Yanting Wu

  4. Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 325000, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China

    Zimiao Chen

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  1. Xiaoting Sun
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Correspondence to Xia Chen or Liangshan Mu.

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Sun, X., Yang, L., Pan, J. et al. Age at menarche and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Endocrine 61, 204–209 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-018-1581-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-018-1581-9

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