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Pediatric Delirium: Evaluation, Management, and Special Considerations

  • Complex Medical-Psychiatric Issues (M Riba, Section Editor)
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Abstract

Delirium describes a syndrome of acute brain dysfunction with severe consequences on patient outcomes, medical cost, morbidity, and mortality. It represents a final common pathway of numerous pathophysiologic disturbances disrupting cerebral homeostasis. The diagnosis is predicated on recognition of the clinical features of the syndrome through ongoing clinical assessment. Early identification can be aided by routine screening, particularly in high-risk populations. Evaluation and management are continuous and simultaneous processes involving a multidisciplinary care team including child psychiatry consultation. Prevention, early identification and management are critical in alleviating symptoms, improving outcomes, and reducing distress for patients, families, and care teams. This review highlights our current understanding regarding pediatric delirium, its mechanisms, clinical manifestations, detection and management.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, L5023, SPC 5277, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA

    Nasuh Malas

  2. Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco Benioff Children’s Hospital, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Khyati Brahmbhatt & Allanceson Smith

  3. Department of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA

    Cristin McDermott & Roberto Ortiz-Aguayo

  4. Department of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, CA, Los Angeles, USA

    Susan Turkel

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  1. Nasuh Malas
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  5. Roberto Ortiz-Aguayo
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Correspondence to Nasuh Malas.

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Nasuh Malas, Khyati Brahmbhatt, Cristin McDermott, Allanceson Smith, Roberto Ortiz-Aguayo, and Susan Turkel declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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The editors would like to thank Dr. Kamalika Roy for taking the time to review this manuscript.

This article is part of the Topical Collection on Complex Medical-Psychiatric Issues

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Malas, N., Brahmbhatt, K., McDermott, C. et al. Pediatric Delirium: Evaluation, Management, and Special Considerations. Curr Psychiatry Rep 19, 65 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-017-0817-3

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