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Electroencephalographic Monitoring in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit

  • Pediatric Neurology (D Nordli, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Continuous electroencephalographic (CEEG) monitoring is used with increasing frequency in critically ill children to provide insight into brain function and to identify electrographic seizures. CEEG monitoring use often impacts clinical management, most often by identifying electrographic seizures and status epilepticus. Most electrographic seizures have no clinical correlate, and thus would not be identified without CEEG monitoring. There are increasing data showing that electrographic seizures and electrographic status epilepticus are associated with worse outcome. Seizure identification efficiency may be improved by further development of quantitative electroencephalography trends. This review describes the clinical impact of CEEG data, the epidemiology of electrographic seizures and status epilepticus, the impact of electrographic seizures on outcome, the utility of quantitative electroencephalographic trends for seizure identification, and practical considerations regarding CEEG monitoring.

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Acknowledgments

N.S. Abend: NIH grant NS076550; K.E. Chapman: none; W.B. Gallentine: none; J. Goldstein: none; A.E. Hyslop: none; T. Loddenkemper: Supported by a Career Development Fellowship Award from Harvard Medical School and Boston Children's Hospital, the Program for Quality and Safety at Boston Children's Hospital, the Payer Provider Quality Initiative, The Epilepsy Foundation of America (EF-213583 and EF-213882), the Center for Integration of Medicine and Innovative Technology, the Epilepsy Therapy Project, and an investigator-initiated research grant from Lundbeck; K.B. Nash: none; J.J. Riviello Jr.: none; C.D. Hahn: SickKids Foundation, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, PSI Foundation. The Pediatric Critical Care EEG Consortium is the pediatric subgroup of the Critical Care EEG Monitoring Research Consortium. PCCEG has received meeting funding from The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (Department of Pediatrics), SickKids Foundation, and the Children's Hospital of Chicago (Division of Neurology).

Disclosure

N.S. Abend: none; K.E. Chapman: none; W.B. Gallentine: none; J. Goldstein: none; A.E. Hyslop: none; T. Loddenkemper: Laboratory Accreditation Board for Long Term (Epilepsy and Intensive Care Unit) Monitoring, Council of the American Clinical Neurophysiology Society, American Board of Clinical Neurophysiology, Associate Editor of Seizure, and performs video-EEG long-term monitoring, electroencephalograms, and other electrophysiological studies at Boston Children's Hospital and bills for these procedures; K.B. Nash: none; J.J. Riviello Jr.: spouse is a medical editor of Up To Date; C.D. Hahn: none.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Neurology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, The Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Nicholas S. Abend

  2. Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, University of Colorado at Denver, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Denver, CO, USA

    Kevin E. Chapman

  3. Division of Pediatric Neurology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA

    William B. Gallentine

  4. Child Neurology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Anne and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA

    Joshua Goldstein

  5. Pediatric Neurology, Miami Children’s Hospital, Miami, FL, USA

    Ann E. Hyslop

  6. Division of Epilepsy and Clincial Neurophysiology, Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Tobias Loddenkemper

  7. Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Kendall B. Nash

  8. Division of Pediatric Neurology and Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA

    James J. Riviello Jr.

  9. Division of Neurology, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada

    Cecil D. Hahn

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On behalf of the Pediatric Critical Care EEG Group (PCCEG) and the Critical Care EEG Monitoring Research Consortium (CCEMRC)

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Correspondence to Nicholas S. Abend.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Pediatric Neurology

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Abend, N.S., Chapman, K.E., Gallentine, W.B. et al. Electroencephalographic Monitoring in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 13, 330 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11910-012-0330-3

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