Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Children and Adolescents with Type 2 Diabetes

  • Pediatric Type 2 and Monogenic Diabetes (O Pinhas-Hamiel, Section Editor)
  • Published:
Current Diabetes Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of Review

Among adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D), cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), acceptance and commitment therapy, and mindfulness interventions have demonstrated improvement in depression, anxiety, and glycemic control. We assessed whether these treatment modalities have shown usefulness in adolescents with T2D or at risk for T2D.

Recent Findings

Data are limited on the use of the abovementioned therapeutic interventions and include only adolescent girls at risk for T2D. CBT was as useful as health education sessions. At 1 year, greater decreases in depression, insulin resistance, and BMI were observed in girls randomized to mindfulness compared with CBT groups.

Summary

Given the positive outcome of mindfulness intervention in adults and in adolescent girls at risk for T2D, future studies should involve males at risk for T2D, and adolescents diagnosed with T2D. Longer interventions and booster meetings for maintenance should be studied.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: • Of importance •• Of major importance

  1. Lascar N, Brown J, Pattison H, Barnett AH, Bailey CJ, Bellary S. Type 2 diabetes in adolescents and young adults. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2018;6:69–80.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Pinhas-Hamiel O, Zeitler P. Acute and chronic complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents. Lancet. 2007;369:1823–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Group TS, Wilfley D, Berkowitz R, Goebel-Fabbri A, Hirst K, Ievers-Landis C, et al. Binge eating, mood, and quality of life in youth with type 2 diabetes: baseline data from the today study. Diabetes Care. 2011;34:858–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Silverstein J, Cheng P, Ruedy KJ, Kollman C, Beck RW, Klingensmith GJ, et al. Depressive symptoms in youth with type 1 or type 2 diabetes: results of the Pediatric Diabetes Consortium Screening Assessment of Depression in Diabetes Study, vol. 38; 2015. p. 2341–3.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Hood KK, Beavers DP, Yi-Frazier J, Bell R, Dabelea D, McKeown RE, et al. Psychosocial burden and glycemic control during the first 6 years of diabetes: results from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study. J Adolesc Health. 2014;55:498–504.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Perrin NE, Davies MJ, Robertson N, Snoek FJ, Khunti K. The prevalence of diabetes-specific emotional distress in people with Type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis, vol. 34; 2017. p. 1508–20.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Katz LL, Anderson BJ, McKay SV, Izquierdo R, Casey TL, Higgins LA, et al. Correlates of medication adherence in the TODAY cohort of youth with type 2 diabetes, vol. 39; 2016. p. 1956–62.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Pinhas-Hamiel O, Levy-Shraga Y. Eating disorders in adolescents with type 2 and type 1 diabetes. Curr Diab Rep. 2013;13:289–97.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Baseline data from the TODAY study. Binge Eating, Mood, and quality of life in youth with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2011;34:858–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Nip ASY, Reboussin BA, Dabelea D, Bellatorre A, Mayer-Davis EJ, Kahkoska AR, et al. Disordered eating behaviors in youth and young adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes receiving insulin therapy: the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study, vol. 42; 2019. p. 859–66.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Segal ZV, Dimidjian S, Beck A, Boggs JM, Vanderkruik R, Metcalf CA, et al. Outcomes of online mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for patients with residual depressive symptoms: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Psychiat. 2020;77:563–73.

  12. . Kaar JL, Schmiege SJ, Drews K, Higgins J, Walders-Abramson N, Isganaitis E, et al. Evaluation of the longitudinal change in health behavior profiles across treatment groups in the TODAY clinical trial, vol. 21; 2020. p. 224–32. This is a very important work; it shows that high-quality lifestyle intervention had little effect on improving health behavior profiles in adolescents with T2D and thus revealing the serious problem we face

    Google Scholar 

  13. Beck AT. Cognitive therapy. A 30-year retrospective. Am Psychol. 1991;46:368–75.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Ellis A. A cognitive approach to behavior therapy. Int J Psychiatry. 1969;8:896–900.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. . Beck AT. A 60-year evolution of cognitive theory and therapy. Perspect Psychol Sci. 2019;14:16–20 In this article, Aaron Beck who invented the CBT, touches some of the highlights of his 60 years in psychiatry and mental health, and the evolution of cognitive theory and therapy.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Uchendu C, Blake H. Effectiveness of cognitive–behavioural therapy on glycaemic control and psychological outcomes in adults with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, vol. 34; 2017. p. 328–39.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Hayes SC. Acceptance and commitment therapy, relational frame theory, and the third wave of behavioral and cognitive therapies - republished article. Behav Ther. 2016;47:869–85.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Gregg JA, Callaghan GM, Hayes SC, Glenn-Lawson JL. Improving diabetes self-management through acceptance, mindfulness, and values: a randomized controlled trial. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2007;75:336–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Cardel MI, Ross KM, Butryn M, Donahoo WT, Eastman A, Dillard JR, et al. Acceptance-based therapy: the potential to augment behavioral interventions in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Nutr Diabetes. 2020;10:3.

  20. Maghsoudi Z, Razavi Z, Razavi M, Javadi M. Efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy for emotional distress in the elderly with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2019;12:2137–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Shayeghian Z, Hassanabadi H, Aguilar-Vafaie ME, Amiri P, Besharat MA. A randomized controlled trial of acceptance and commitment therapy for type 2 diabetes management: the moderating role of coping styles. PLoS One. 2016;11:e0166599.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Crane RS, Brewer J, Feldman C, Kabat-Zinn J, Santorelli S, Williams JM, et al. What defines mindfulness-based programs? The warp and the weft. Psychol Med. 2017;47:990–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Perry-Parrish C, Copeland-Linder N, Webb L, Sibinga EMS. Mindfulness-based approaches for children and youth. Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care. 2016;46:172–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Greeson JM, Chin GR. Mindfulness and physical disease: a concise review. Curr Opin Psychol. 2019;28:204–10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Carpenter R, DiChiacchio T, Barker K. Interventions for self-management of type 2 diabetes: an integrative review. Int J Nurs Sci. 2019;6:70–91.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Medina WL, Wilson D, de Salvo V, Vannucchi B, de Souza EL, Lucena L, et al. Effects of mindfulness on diabetes mellitus: rationale and overview. Curr Diabetes Rev. 2017;13:141–7.

  27. Noordali F, Cumming J, Thompson JL. Effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions on physiological and psychological complications in adults with diabetes: a systematic review. J Health Psychol. 2017;22:965–83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Fanning J, Osborn CY, Lagotte AE, Mayberry LS. Relationships between dispositional mindfulness, health behaviors, and hemoglobin A1c among adults with type 2 diabetes. J Behav Med. 2018;41:798–805.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Armani Kian A, Vahdani B, Noorbala AA, Nejatisafa A, Arbabi M, Zenoozian S, et al. The impact of mindfulness-based stress reduction on emotional wellbeing and glycemic control of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Res. 2018;2018:1986820–0.

  30. Gulley LD, Shomaker LB, Kelly NR, Chen KY, Stice E, Olsen CH, et al. Indirect effects of a cognitive-behavioral intervention on adolescent weight and insulin resistance through decreasing depression in a randomized controlled trial. J Pediatr Psychol. 2019;44:1163–73.

  31. Shomaker LB, Kelly NR, Pickworth CK, Cassidy OL, Radin RM, Shank LM, et al. A randomized controlled trial to prevent depression and ameliorate insulin resistance in adolescent girls at risk for type 2 diabetes. Ann Behav Med. 2016;50:762–74.

  32. Shomaker LB, Kelly NR, Radin RM, Cassidy OL, Shank LM, Brady SM, et al. Prevention of insulin resistance in adolescents at risk for type 2 diabetes with depressive symptoms: 1-year follow-up of a randomized trial. Depress Anxiety. 2017;34:866–76.

  33. Annameier SK, Kelly NR, Courville AB, Tanofsky-Kraff M, Yanovski JA, Shomaker LB. Mindfulness and laboratory eating behavior in adolescent girls at risk for type 2 diabetes. Appetite. 2018;125:48–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Pivarunas B, Kelly NR, Pickworth CK, Cassidy O, Radin RM, Shank LM, et al. Mindfulness and eating behavior in adolescent girls at risk for type 2 diabetes. Int J Eat Disord. 2015;48:563–9.

  35. Shomaker LB, Pivarunas B, Annameier SK, Gulley L, Quaglia J, Brown KW, et al. One-year follow-up of a randomized controlled trial piloting a mindfulness-based group intervention for adolescent insulin resistance. Front Psychol. 2019;10:1040 □ This work summarizes previous works on interventions in girls at risk for type 2 diabetes, and the impact of mindfulness intervention compared with CBT.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Shomaker LB, Bruggink S, Pivarunas B, Skoranski A, Foss J, Chaffin E, et al. Pilot randomized controlled trial of a mindfulness-based group intervention in adolescent girls at risk for type 2 diabetes with depressive symptoms. Complement Ther Med. 2017;32:66–74.

  37. Skoranski A, Kelly NR, Radin RM, Thompson KA, Galescu O, Demidowich AP, et al. Relationship of mindfulness to distress and cortisol response in adolescent girls at-risk for type 2 diabetes. J Child Fam Stud. 2018;27:2254–64.

  38. Dalager SL, Annameier S, Bruggink SM, Pivarunas B, Coatsworth JD, Schmid AA, et al. Mindfulness-based group intervention for an adolescent girl at risk for type 2 diabetes: a case report. Adv Mind Body Med. 2018;32:9–17.

  39. Berk KA, Buijks HIM, Verhoeven AJM, Mulder MT, Ozcan B, van 't Spijker A, et al. Group cognitive behavioural therapy and weight regain after diet in type 2 diabetes: results from the randomised controlled POWER trial. Diabetologia. 2018;61:790–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Tovote KA, Schroevers MJ, Snippe E, Emmelkamp PMG, Links TP, Sanderman R, et al. What works best for whom? Cognitive behavior therapy and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depressive symptoms in patients with diabetes. PLoS One. 2017;12:e0179941–1.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pediatric Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel

    Orit Pinhas-Hamiel

  2. Maccabi Juvenile Diabetes Center, Ra’anana, Israel

    Orit Pinhas-Hamiel

  3. Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

    Orit Pinhas-Hamiel

  4. Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Herzlyia Inter-Disciplinary Center, Herzliya, Israel

    Daniel Hamiel

  5. Cohen-Harris Resilience Center, Tel Aviv, Israel

    Daniel Hamiel

  6. Tel Aviv Brüll Community Mental Health Center, Clalit Health Services, Tel Aviv, Israel

    Daniel Hamiel

Authors
  1. Orit Pinhas-Hamiel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Daniel Hamiel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Orit Pinhas-Hamiel.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of Interest

Orit Pinhas-Hamiel is a section editor for Current Diabetes Reports. Daniel Hamiel declares no potential conflicts of interest.

Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent

This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

This article is part of the Topical Collection on Pediatric Type 2 and Monogenic Diabetes

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Pinhas-Hamiel, O., Hamiel, D. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Children and Adolescents with Type 2 Diabetes. Curr Diab Rep 20, 55 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-020-01345-5

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-020-01345-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation