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Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Microbial-Derived Secondary Bile Acids, and Cardiovascular Disease

  • Nutrition (P. Kris-Etherton and K. Petersen, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

The goal is to review the connection between gut microbiota and cardiovascular disease, with specific emphasis on bile acids, and the influence of diet in modulating this relationship.

Recent Findings

Bile acids exert a much broader range of biological functions than initially recognized, including regulation of cardiovascular function through direct and indirect mechanisms. There is a bi-directional relationship between gut microbiota modulation of bile acid–signaling properties, and their effects on gut microbiota composition. Evidence, primarily from rodent models and limited human trials, suggest that dietary modulation of the gut microbiome significantly impacts bile acid metabolism and subsequently host physiological response(s).

Summary

Available evidence suggests that the link between diet, gut microbiota, and CVD risk is potentially mediated via bile acid effects on diverse metabolic pathways. However, further studies are needed to confirm/expand and translate these findings in a clinical setting.

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Funding

This work was supported by the US Department of Agriculture, under agreement no. 58-1950-4-401. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of authors, and do not necessarily reflect the views of the US Department of Agriculture, the National Institutes of Health. JRM acknowledges funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 712949 (TECNIOspring PLUS) and from ACCIO.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Integrative Pharmacology and Systems Neuroscience Research Group, IMIM, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Doctor Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain

    Jose Rodríguez-Morató

  2. Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain

    Jose Rodríguez-Morató

  3. Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (CEXS-UPF), Dr. Aiguader 80, 08003, Barcelona, Spain

    Jose Rodríguez-Morató

  4. Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA, 02111, USA

    Nirupa R. Matthan

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Correspondence to Nirupa R. Matthan.

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Rodríguez-Morató, J., Matthan, N.R. Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Microbiota, Microbial-Derived Secondary Bile Acids, and Cardiovascular Disease. Curr Atheroscler Rep 22, 47 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11883-020-00863-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11883-020-00863-7

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