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Emission characteristics and ozone formation potential assessment of volatile organic compounds in water-based paint auto parts electrophoresis enterprises

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Abstract

Beijing’s industrial structure is changing rapidly, and many small and dispersed businesses are becoming major contributors of VOC emissions. There are about 740 auto parts enterprises in Beijing, and is typical of a small industry in which VOC emissions cannot be ignored. Two typical water-based paint auto parts electrophoresis enterprises in Beijing were selected in this study. The results show that the annual average VOC emissions of both enterprises were 3.72 t, while the unorganized emissions accounted for 36.2%. The analysis of VOC emissions characteristics in the exhausts revealed that oxygenated VOCs (OVOCs) (acetone, 2-butanone, ethyl acetate, etc.) were the most abundant components (~ 21.88–68.66%), followed by alkanes (~ 6.93–25.34%), and olefins (~ 2.67–50.44%). The concentrations of VOCs (ρ(VOCs)) from drying chimney were 8.941 mg/m3, while the electrophoresis process accounted for 0.792 mg/m3. The comparison of the effects of VOCs treatment facilities demonstrated that regenerative thermal oxidizer and thermal oxidizer increased the VOC concentration instead of decreased, due to a large amount of gas supplemented. The activated carbon adsorption was ineffective in treating non-polar VOCs such as alkanes, while the neutralizing absorption was relatively stable. In addition, the ozone formation potential and health risk assessments (cancer and non-cancer risks) show that water-based enterprises are still partially at risk. Based on the emission characteristics of VOCs and the technical feasibility, it is recommended to improve the collection rate of disorganized exhaust gas from electrophoresis workshop, adjust the values of emission standards, and optimize the end treatment measures of the drying workshop.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Beijing Science and Technology Planning Project (No. Z201100008220012), and Reform and Development Project of Beijing Academy of Science and Technology (2022G-0009, 2022G-0005).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Resources and Environment, Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, No. 1 Gao Li Zhang Road, Beijing, 100095, China

    Liangliang Wang, Lirong Lv, Pengwei Qiao, Yue Shan, Zhongguo Zhang, Yuexia Liu & Peiran He

  2. The National Engineering Laboratory of Circular Economy (Industrial Wastewater Utilization and Industrial Water Conservation), Beijing, 100089, China

    Liangliang Wang, Lirong Lv, Pengwei Qiao, Yue Shan, Zhongguo Zhang, Yuexia Liu & Peiran He

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  1. Liangliang Wang
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  5. Zhongguo Zhang
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Contributions

Liangliang Wang: conceptualization, methodology, software, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing. Lirong Lv: investigation, methodology, investigation. Pengwei Qiao: writing—review and editing, Software. Yue Shan: investigation. Zhongguo Zhang: funding acquisition, project administration, writing—review and editing. Yuexia Liu: writing, software. Peiran He: software. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Zhongguo Zhang.

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Wang, L., Lv, L., Qiao, P. et al. Emission characteristics and ozone formation potential assessment of volatile organic compounds in water-based paint auto parts electrophoresis enterprises. Air Qual Atmos Health 16, 691–703 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11869-022-01298-6

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