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Fear of cancer recurrence in young women 5 years after diagnosis with a good-prognosis cancer: the VICAN-5 national survey

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Abstract

Purpose

Fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is frequent in survivors, but less is known about FCR in long-term survivors with very low risk of relapse. Our aim was to estimate the prevalence and clinical and socio-behavioural factors associated with FCR in young women 5 years after diagnosis of a good-prognosis cancer.

Methods

Using data from the VICAN-5 survey, conducted in 2015–2016 amongst a national representative French sample of cancer survivors, we included women with non-metastatic melanoma, breast, or thyroid cancer, aged 55 years or under at diagnosis, who experienced no disease progression in the 5 years post-diagnosis. Multinomial logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with FCR, characterised using a three-level indicator: no, mild, and moderate/severe FCR.

Results

Amongst the 1153 women included, mean age was 44 years at diagnosis, and 81.8% had breast cancer, 12.5% thyroid cancer, and 5.8% melanoma. Five years after diagnosis, 35.4% reported no FCR, 46.0% mild FCR, and 18.6% moderate/severe FCR. Women with thyroid cancer were less likely to suffer from mild or moderate/severe FCR, while cancer-related treatment sequelae, fatigue, and anxiety were more likely. Limited health literacy was associated with mild FCR. Women who reported only occasionally consulting a general practitioner (GP) for the management of their cancer had a higher probability of FCR.

Conclusion

Moderate/severe FCR affected nearly 20% of young female long-term survivors diagnosed with a good-prognosis cancer, particularly those reporting cancer-related sequelae, suffering from fatigue or anxiety, with breast cancer or melanoma (versus thyroid cancer), and consulting a GP only occasionally for cancer management.

Implications for Cancer Survivors

Given the recognised impact of FCR on quality of life, it is essential to detect it as early as possible, and to implement targeted interventions in routine care.

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Funding

The VICAN survey was funded by The National Institute of Cancer (INCa) ‘Contrat de recherche et développement N° 05–2011’.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France

    Clément Magnani

  2. Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, New South Wales, Sydney, Australia

    Allan Ben Smith

  3. South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales, New South Wales, Liverpool, Australia

    Allan Ben Smith

  4. Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de L’Information Médicale, ISSPAM, Equipe CANBIOS Labellisée Ligue 2019, Marseille, France

    Dominique Rey, Aline Sarradon-Eck, Marc-Karim Bendiane & Anne-Déborah Bouhnik

  5. Institut Paoli-Calmettes, SESSTIM, Marseille, France

    Aline Sarradon-Eck

  6. Unité UMR 1296 «Radiations: Défense, Santé, Environnement», Lyon, France

    Marie Préau

  7. Institut de Psychologie, Université Lumière Lyon 2, Bron, France

    Marie Préau

  8. Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, Inserm, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de L’Information Médicale, ISSPAM, Equipe CANBIOS Labellisée Ligue 2019, Hop Timone, BioSTIC, Biostatistique et Technologies de l’Information et de la Communication, Marseille, France

    Julien Mancini

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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Anne-Déborah Bouhnik, Julien Mancini, and Marc-Karim Bendiane. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Clément Magnani, Dominique Rey, and Anne-Déborah Bouhnik, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Anne-Déborah Bouhnik.

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Ethics approval

The methods used were approved by three national ethics commissions: the CCTIRS (French Advisory Committee on the Processing of Information in the Field of Health Research, study registered under n°11–143), the ISP (Institute of Public Health, study registered under n°C11-63), and the CNIL (French Commission on Individual Data Protection and Public Liberties, study registered under n°911290).

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Informed consent was obtained from all the individual participants included in the study.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Magnani, C., Smith, A., Rey, D. et al. Fear of cancer recurrence in young women 5 years after diagnosis with a good-prognosis cancer: the VICAN-5 national survey. J Cancer Surviv 17, 1359–1370 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11764-022-01193-0

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