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Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Stearidonic Acid Mediated by Suppression of NF-κB and MAP-Kinase Pathways in Macrophages

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Lipids

Abstract

Stearidonic acid (SDA, 18:4n-3) is an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid present in oils derived from plants of the Boraginaceae family. In this study, we determined the anti-inflammatory effects of SDA isolated from echium oil on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses in RAW 264.7 macrophages. SDA significantly downregulated the levels of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein, thereby suppressing the production of nitric oxide (NO) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, SDA inhibited the nuclear translocation and promoter activity of nuclear factor κB (NFκB) and the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) such as extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2, c-jun N terminal kinase, and p38 in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Our results showed that SDA exerted anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing iNOS-mediated NO production via inactivation of NFκB and MAPK signaling pathways.

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Abbreviations

ALA:

α-Linolenic acid

BSA:

Bovine serum albumin

DHA:

Docosahexaenoic acid

DMEM:

Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium

FBS:

Foetal bovine serum

EPA:

Eicosapentaenoic acid

ERK:

Extracellular signal regulated kinase

JNK:

c-jun N terminal kinase

iNOS:

Inducible nitric oxide synthase

IκB:

Inhibitor of κB

LDH:

Lactate dehydrogenase

LPS:

Lipopolysaccharide

MAPK:

Mitogen-activated protein kinases

MTT:

3-(4,5-Dimethyl thiazol 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium

NO:

Nitric oxide

NFκB:

Nuclear factor κB

n-3 PUFA:

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids

PBS:

Dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered saline

SDA:

Stearidonic acid

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Food and Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, Life, and Environmental Sciences, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28644, Korea

    Jeehye Sung, Heon Sang Jeong & Junsoo Lee

  2. Research and Innovation Center, Cosmax Bio Inc., Seongnam, Gyeonggi, 13486, Korea

    Heemang Jeon

  3. Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea

    In-Hwan Kim

Authors
  1. Jeehye Sung
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  2. Heemang Jeon
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  3. In-Hwan Kim
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  4. Heon Sang Jeong
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  5. Junsoo Lee
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Junsoo Lee.

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Sung, J., Jeon, H., Kim, IH. et al. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Stearidonic Acid Mediated by Suppression of NF-κB and MAP-Kinase Pathways in Macrophages. Lipids 52, 781–787 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-017-4278-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-017-4278-6

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