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Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid and trans-10, cis-12-Conjugated Linoleic Acid Differentially Alter Oxylipin Profiles in Mouse Periuterine Adipose Tissue

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Lipids

Abstract

Diets containing high n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) decrease inflammation and the incidence of chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease while trans-fatty acids (TFA) intake increases the incidence of these conditions. Some health benefits of n-3 PUFA are mediated through the impact of their oxygenated metabolites, i.e. oxylipins. The TFA, trans-10, cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid (CLA; 18:2n-6) is associated with adipose tissue (AT) inflammation, oxidative stress, and wasting. We examined the impact of a 4-week feeding of 0, 0.5, and 1.5% docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3) in the presence and absence of 0.5% CLA on AT oxylipin profiles in female C57BL/6N mice. Esterified oxylipins in AT derived from linoleic acid (LNA), alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), arachidonic acid (ARA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), DHA, and putative from CLA were quantified. CLA containing diets reduced AT mass by ~62%. Compared with the control diet, the DHA diet elevated concentrations of EPA-and DHA-derived alcohols and epoxides and LNA-derived alcohols, reduced ARA-derived alcohols, ketones, epoxides, and 6-keto-prostaglandin (PG) F1α (P < 0.05), and had mixed effects on ALA-derived alcohols. Dietary CLA lowered EPA-, DHA-, and ALA-derived epoxides, ARA-derived ketones and epoxides, and ALA-derived alcohols. While dietary CLA induced variable effects in EPA-, DHA-, and LNA-derived alcohols and LNA-derived ketones, it elevated ARA-derived alcohols and PGF1α, PGF2α, and F2-isoprostanes. DHA counteracted CLA-induced effects in 67, 57, 43, and 29% of total DHA-, ARA-, EPA-, and ALA-derived oxylipins, respectively. Thus, CLA elevated proinflammatory oxylipins while DHA increased anti-inflammatory oxylipins and diminished concentration of CLA-induced pro-inflammatory oxylipins in AT.

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Abbreviations

ALA:

Alpha-linolenic acid (18:3n-3)

ARA:

Arachidonic acid (20:4n-6)

AT:

Adipose tissue

CLA:

trans-10, cis-12-conjugated linoleic acid (18:2n-6)

CON:

Control diet

COX:

Cyclooxygenase

CYP:

Cytochrome P450

DH:

Dehydrogenase

DHA:

Docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3)

DiHDoPE:

Dihydroxy-docosapentaenoic

DiHETE:

Dihydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid

DiHETrE:

Dihydroxy-eicosatrienoic acid

DiHODE:

Dihydroxy-octadecadienoic acid

DiHOME:

Dihydroxy-octadecenoic acid

EKODE:

Epoxy-keto-octadecenoic acid

EPA:

Eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3)

EpDoPE:

Epoxy-docosapentaenoic acid

EpETE:

Epoxy-eicosatetraenoic acid

EpETrE:

Epoxy-eicosatrienoic acid

EpODE:

Epoxy-octadecadienoic acid

EpOME:

Epoxy-octadecenoic acid

F2-IsoP:

F2-isoprostanes

HDoHE:

Hydroxy-docosahexaenoic acid

HEPE:

Hydroxy-eicosapentaenoic acid

HETE:

Hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid

HETrE:

Hydroxy-eicosatrienoic acid

HODE:

Hydroxy-octadecadienoic acid

HOTrE:

Hydroxy-octadecatrienoic acid

IL-6:

Interleukin-6

IR:

Insulin resistance

KETE:

Keto-eicosatetraenoic acid

KODE:

Keto-octadecadienoic acid

LNA:

Linoleic acid (18:2n-6)

LOX:

Lipoxygenase

NAFLD:

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

PG:

Prostaglandin

PUFA:

Polyunsaturated fatty acid

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

sEH:

Soluble epoxide hydrolase

TFA:

Trans fatty acid

TNFα:

Tumor necrosis factor alpha

TriHOME:

Trihydroxy-octadecenoic acid

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Jan Peerson at the University of California Davis for statistical support. This research was supported by USDA/ARS Intramural Projects 5306-51530-017-00D, 5306-51530-019-00D and 2032-51530-022-00D.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 430 West Health Sciences Drive, Davis, CA, 95616, USA

    Yuriko Adkins, Benjamin J. Belda, Theresa L. Pedersen, Dawn M. Fedor, John W. Newman & Darshan S. Kelley

  2. Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA, 94710, USA

    Bruce E. Mackey

  3. Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA

    Yuriko Adkins, Dawn M. Fedor, John W. Newman & Darshan S. Kelley

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  1. Yuriko Adkins
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Correspondence to Darshan S. Kelley.

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Adkins, Y., Belda, B.J., Pedersen, T.L. et al. Dietary Docosahexaenoic Acid and trans-10, cis-12-Conjugated Linoleic Acid Differentially Alter Oxylipin Profiles in Mouse Periuterine Adipose Tissue. Lipids 52, 399–413 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-017-4252-3

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