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Trans-Fatty Acid-Stimulated Mammary Gland Growth in Ovariectomized Mice is Fatty Acid Type and Isomer Specific

  • Original Article
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Lipids

Abstract

We previously reported that the trans-18:2 fatty acid trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10,c12-CLA) stimulates mammary gland development independent of estrogen and its receptor. Given the negative consequences of dietary trans-fatty acids on various aspects of human health, we sought to establish whether other trans-fatty acids could similarly induce ovary-independent mammary gland growth in mice. Prepubertal BALB/cJ mice were ovariectomized at 21 days of age then were fed diets enriched with cis-9, trans-11 CLA (c9,t11-CLA), or mixtures of trans-18:1 fatty acids supplied by partially hydrogenated sunflower, safflower, or linseed oil. The resultant mammary phenotype was evaluated 3 weeks later and compared to the growth response elicited by t10,c12-CLA, or the defined control diet. Whereas partially hydrogenated safflower oil increased mammary gland weight, none of the partially hydrogenated vegetable oils promoted mammary ductal growth. Similarly, the c9,t11-CLA supplemented diet was without effect on mammary development. Taken together, our data emphasize a unique effect of t10,c12-CLA in stimulating estrogen-independent mammary gland growth manifest as increased mammary ductal area and elongation that was not recapitulated by c9,t11-CLA or the partially hydrogenated vegetable oil diets.

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Abbreviations

ANOVA:

Analysis of variance

c9,t11-CLA:

Cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid

CLA:

Conjugated linoleic acid

CON:

Control diet experiment 1

TFA-CON:

Control diet experiment 2

E:

Estrogen

ER:

Estrogen receptor

IP:

Intraperitoneal

OVX:

Ovariectomized

PH-LIN:

Partially hydrogenated linseed oil

PH-SAF:

Partially hydrogenated safflower oil

PH-SUN:

Partially hydrogenated sunflower oil

PHVO:

Partially hydrogenated vegetable oil

SC:

Subcutaneous

t10,c12-CLA:

Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid

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Acknowledgements

We thank the UC Davis Department of Animal Science Small Animal Colony manager Sandra Weisker and student staff. We thank Courtney Preseault for her assistance with fatty acid analysis. Research was funded in part by a Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award (F31 CA189421) from the National Institutes of Health National Cancer Institute (to GEB).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616-8521, USA

    Grace E. Berryhill, Susan G. Miszewski, Josephine F. Trott & Russell C. Hovey

  2. Department of Animal and Veterinary Science, University of Vermont, 570 Main St., Burlington, VT, 05405-0148, USA

    Jana Kraft

  3. Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, 474 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, MI, 48824-1225, USA

    Adam L. Lock

Authors
  1. Grace E. Berryhill
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  2. Susan G. Miszewski
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  3. Josephine F. Trott
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  4. Jana Kraft
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  6. Russell C. Hovey
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Correspondence to Russell C. Hovey.

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Berryhill, G.E., Miszewski, S.G., Trott, J.F. et al. Trans-Fatty Acid-Stimulated Mammary Gland Growth in Ovariectomized Mice is Fatty Acid Type and Isomer Specific. Lipids 52, 223–233 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-016-4221-2

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