Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Novel in silico EST-SSR markers and bioinformatic approaches to detect genetic variation among peach (Prunus persica L.) germplasm

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Forestry Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Because there are thousands of peach cultivars, cultivar classification is a critical step before starting a breeding project. Various molecular markers such as simple sequence repeats (SSRs) can be used. In this study, 67 polymorphic primers produced 302 bands. Higher values for SI index (1.903) suggested higher genetic variability in the genotype under investigation. Mean values for observed alleles (Na), expected heterozygosity (He), effective alleles (Ne), Nei’s information index (h), and polymorphic information content (PIC) were 4.5, 0.83, 5.45, 0.83, and 0.81, respectively. The dendrogram constructed based on Jaccard’s similarity coefficients outlined four distinct clusters in the entire germplasm. In addition, an analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that 70.68% of the total variation was due to within-population variation, while 29.32% was due to variation among populations. According to this research, all primers were successfully used for the peach accessions. The EST-SSR markers should be useful in peach breeding programs and other research.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

PIC:

Polymorphic information content

UPGMA:

Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic average

AMOVA:

Analysis of molecular variance

EST:

Expressed sequenced tags

SSR:

Simple sequence repeats

PCR:

Polymerase chain reaction

SI:

Shannon’s information index

h :

Nei’s information index

He:

Expected heterozygosity

Ho:

Observed hetrozygosity

Ne:

Effective alleles

Na:

Observed number of alleles

MCMC:

Markov chain Monte Carlo,

MAS:

Marker-assisted selection

References

  • Amirbakhtiar N, Shiran B, Moradi H, Sayed-Tabatabaei BE (2006) Molecular characterization of almond cultivars using microsatellite markers. Acta Hort 726:51–56

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Andersen JR, Lubberstedt T (2003) Functional markers in plants. Trends Plant Sci 8:554–560

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson JA, Churchill GA, Autrique JE, Tanksley SD, Sorrells ME (1993) Optimizing parental selection for genetic linkage maps. Genome 36:181–186

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Aranzana MJ, Garcia-Mas J, Carbo´ J, Aru´s P (2002) Development and variability analysis of microsatellite markers in peach. Plant Breed 121:87–92

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Aranzana MJ, Pineda A, Cosson P, Dirlewanger E, Ascasibar J, Cipriani G, Ryder CD, Testolin R, Abbott A, King GJ, Iezzoni AF, Aru´s P (2003) A set of simple-sequence repeat (SSR) markers covering the Prunus genome. Theor Appl Genet 106:819–825

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Arolu IW, Rafii MY, Hanafi MM, Mahmud TMM, Latif MA (2012) Molecular characterization of Jatropha curcas germplasm using inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers in Peninsular Malaysia. Aust J Crop Sci 6:1666–1673

    Google Scholar 

  • Benson LL, Lamboy WF, Zimmerman RH (2001) Molecular identification of Malus hupehensis (tea crabapple) accessions using simple sequence repeats. Hortic Sci 36:961–966

    Google Scholar 

  • Blair MW, Gonza´lez LF, Kimani PM, Butare L (2010) Genetic diversity, inter-gene pool introgression and nutritional quality of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) from Central Africa. Theor Appl Genet 121:237–248

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Cantini C, Iezzoni AF, Lamboy WF, Boritzki M, Struss D (2001) DNA fingerprinting of tetraploid cherry germplasm using SSR. J Am Soc Hortic Sci 126:205–209

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen CX, Zhou P, Choi YA, Huang S, Gmitter FG (2006) Mining and characterizing microsatellites from Citrus ESTs. Theor Appl Genet 112:1248–1257

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chen CX, Bock CH, Okie WR, Gmitter FG, Jung S, Main D, Beckman TG, Wood BW (2014) Genome-wide characterization and selection of expressed sequence tag simple sequence repeat primers for optimized marker distribution and reliability in peach. Tree Genet Genomes 10:1271–1279

    Google Scholar 

  • Cipriani G, Lot G, HuangWG Peterlunger E, Testolin R (1999) AC/GT and AG/CT microsatellite repeats in peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch]: isolation, characterization and cross-species amplification in Prunus. Theor Appl Genet 99:65–72

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Decroocq V, Favé MG, Hagen L, Bordenave L, Decroocq S (2003) Development and transferability of apricot and grape EST microsatellite markers across taxa. Theor Appl Genet 106:912–922

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dettori MT, Micali S, Giovinazzi J, Scalabrin S, Verde I, Cipriani G (2015) Mining microsatellites in the peach genome: development of new long-core SSR marker for genetic analyses in five Prunus species. Springerplus 4:337

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Ding MM, Wang K, Wang WT, Chen MJ, Wu DJ, Xu CJ, Chen KS (2017) Development of high quality EST-SSR markers without stutter bands in peach and their application in cultivar discrimination and hybrid authentication. Hortic Sci 52:24–30

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dirlewanger E, Cosson P, Tavaud M, Aranzana MJ, Poizat C, Zanetto A, Aru´s P, Laigret F (2002) Development of microsatellite markers in peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] and their use in genetic diversity analysis in peach and sweet cherry. Theor Appl Genet 105:127–138

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Du QZ, Zhang DQ, Li BL (2012) Development of 15 novel microsatellite markers from cellulose synthase genes in Populus tomentosa (Salicaceae). Am J Bot 99:46–48

    Google Scholar 

  • Evanno G, Regnaut S, Goudet J (2005) Detecting the number of clusters of individuals using the software STRUCTURE: a simulation study. Mol Ecol 14:2611–2620

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Excoffier L, Laval G, Schneider S (2005) Arlequin ver. 3.0: an integrated software package for population genetics data analysis. Evol Bioinform Online 1:47–50

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fathi A, Ghareyazi B, Haghnazari A, Ghaffari MR, Pirseyedi SM, Kadkhodaei S, Naghavi MR, Mardi M (2008) Assessment of the genetic diversity of almond (Prunus dulcis) using microsatellite markers and morphological traits. Iran J Biotechnol 6(2):98–106

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fu N, Wang PY, Liu XD, Shen HL (2014) Use of EST-SSR markers for evaluating genetic diversity and fingerprinting Celery (Apium graveolens L.) cultivars. Molecules 19:1939–1955

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Guichoux E, Lagache L, Wagner S, Chaumeil P, Leger P, Lepais O, Lepoittevin C, Malausa T, Revardel E, Salin F, Petit RJ (2011) Current trends in microsatellite genotyping. Mol Ecol Resour 11:591–611

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hagen LS, Chaib J, Fad B, Decrocq V, Bouchet JP, Lambert P, Audergon JM (2004) Genomic and cDNA microsatellites from apricot (Prunus armeniaca L). Mol Ecol Notes 4:742–745

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hu J, Wang LY, Li J (2011) Comparison of genomic SSR and EST-SSR markers for estimating genetic diversity in cucumber. Biol Plant 55:577–580

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huang XQ, Madan A (1999) CAP3: a DNA sequence assembly program. Genome Res 9:868–877

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Jaccard P (1908) Nouvelles recherches sur la distribution florale. Bull Soc Vaud des Sci Nat 44:223–270

    Google Scholar 

  • Kantety RV, La Rota M, Matthews DE, Sorrells ME (2002) Data mining for simple sequence repeats in expressed sequence tags from barley, maize, rice, sorghum and wheat. Plant Mol Biol 48:501–510

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar H, Kaur G, Banga S (2012) Molecular characterization and assessment of genetic diversity in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) germplasm collection using ISSR markers. J Crop Improv 26:540–557

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lamboy WF, Alpha CG (1998) Using simple sequence repeats (SSRs) for fingerprinting germplasm accessions of grape (Vitis L.) species. J Am Soc Hortic Sci 123:182–188

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li G, Ra WH, Park JW, Kwon SW, Lee JH, Park CB, Park YJ (2011) Developing EST-SSR markers to study molecular diversity in Liriope and Ophiopogon. Biochem Syst Ecol 39:241–252

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li XY, Shangguan LF, Song CN, Wang C, Gao ZH, Yu HP, Fang JG (2014) Analysis of expressed sequence tags from Prunus mume flower and fruit and development of simple sequence repeat markers. BMC Genet 11:66

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ma RC, Xie H, Xu Y, Ma Y, Jiang YQ, Cao MQ (2003) Molecular analysis of almond germplasm in China. Options Mediterr 63:281–290

    Google Scholar 

  • Martínez-Gómez P, Arulsekar S, Potter D, Gradziel TM (2003) An extended interspecific gene pool available to peach and almond breeding as characterized using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Euphytica 131:313–322

    Google Scholar 

  • Morgante M, Hanafey M, Powell W (2002) Microsatellites are preferentially associated with nonrepetitive DNA in plant genomes. Nat Genet 30:194–200

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mujaju C, Sehic J, Nybom H (2013) Assessment of EST-SSR markers for evaluating genetic diversity in Watermelon accessions from Zimbabwe. Am J Plant Sci 4:1448–1456

    Google Scholar 

  • Murray HC, Thompson WF (1980) Rapid isolation of high molecular weight plant DNA. Nucl. Acids Res. 8:4321–4325

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Nagaraj SH, Gasser RB, Ranganathan S (2007) A hitchhiker’s guide to expressed sequence tag (EST) analysis. Brief Bioinform 8:6–21

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Parsons JB, Newbury HT, Jackson MT, Ford-Lloyd BV (1997) Contrasting genetic diversity relationships are revealed in rice (Oryza sativa L.) using different marker types. Mole Breed 3:115–125

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pertea G, Huang X, Liang F, Antonescu V, Sultana R, Karamycheva S, Lee Y, White J, Cheung F, Parvizi B, Tsai J, Quackenbush J (2003) TIGR gene indices clustering tools (TGICL): a software system for fast clustering of large EST datasets. Bioinformatics 19:651–652

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pritchard JK, Stephens M, Rosenberg NA, Donnelly P (2000) Association mapping in structured populations. Am J Hum Genet 67:170–181

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Rao NK (2004) Plant genetic resources: advancing conservation and use through biotechnology. Afr J Biotechnol 3:136–145

    Google Scholar 

  • Rohlf FJ (2002) NTSYS-pc: numerical taxonomy system ver.2.1. Exeter Publishing Ltd., New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Shiran B, Amirbakhtiar N, Kiani S, Mohammadi S, Sayed-Tabatabaei BE, Moradi H (2007) Molecular characterization and genetic relationship among almond cultivars assessed by RAPD and SSR markers. Sci Hortic 111:280–292

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sorkheh K, Shiran B, Gradziel TM, Epperson BK, Martinez-Gomez P, Asadi E (2007) Amplified fragment length polymorphism as a tool for molecular characterization of almond germplasm: genetic diversity among cultivated genotypes and related wild species of almond, and its relationships with agronomic traits. Euphytica 156:327–344

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sorkheh K, Prudencio AS, Ghebinejad A, Kohei Dehkordi M, Erogul D, Rubio M, Martínez-Gómez P (2016) In silico search, characterization and validation of new EST-SSR markers in the genus Prunus. BMC Res Notes 9:336

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Sosinski B, Gannavarapu M, Hager LD, Beck LE, King GJ, Ryder CD, Rajapakse S, Baird WV, Ballard RE, Abbott AG (2000) Characterization of microsatellite markers in peach [Prunuspersica (L.) Batsch]. Theor Appl Genet 101:421–428

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Testolin R, Marrazzo T, Cipriani G (2000) Microsatellite DNA in peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] and its use in fingerprinting and testing the genetic origin of cultivars. Genome 43:512–520

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Varshney RK, Graner A, Sorrells ME (2005) Genic microsatellite markers in plants: features and applications. Trends Biotech 23:48–55

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vendramin E, Dettori MT, Giovinazzi J, Micali R, Quarta R, Verde I (2007) A set of EST-SSRs isolated from peach fruit transcriptome and their transportability across Prunus species. Mol Ecol Notes 7:307–310

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang Y, Georgi LL, Zhebentyayeva TN, Reighard GL, Scorza R, Abbott AG (2002) High throughput targeted SSR marker development in peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch]. Genome 45:319–328

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wang YJ, Li XY, Han J, Fang WM, Li XD, Wang SS, Fang JG (2014) Analysis of genetic relationships and identification of flowering-mei cultivars using EST-SSR markers developed from apricot and fruiting-mei. Scientia Hortic 132:12–17

    Google Scholar 

  • Weising K, Nybon H, Wolff K, Meyer W (1995) DNA fingerprinting in plants and fungi. CRC Press, Boca Raton

    Google Scholar 

  • Whitfield CW, Band MR, Bonaldo MF, Kumar CG, Liu L, Pardinas JR, Robertson HM, Soares MB, Robinson GE (2001) Annotated expressed sequence tags and cDNA microarrays for studies of brain and behavior in the honey bee. Genome Res 12:555–566

    Google Scholar 

  • Xie H, Sui Y, Chang FQ, Xu Y, Ma RC (2006) SSR allelic variation in almond (Prunus dulcis Mill). Theor Appl Genet 112:366–372

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Xu Y, Ma RC, Xie H, Liu JT, Cao MQ (2004) Development of SSR markers for the phylogenetic analysis of almond trees from China and the Mediterranean region. Genome 47:1091–1104

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yamamoto T, Mochida K, Imai T, Shi IZ, Ogiwara I, Hayashi T (2002) Microsatellite markers in peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] derived from an enriched genomic and cDNA libraries. Mol Ecol Notes 2:298–302

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yeh FC, Yang R, Boyle TJ, Ye Z, Xiyan JM (2000) PopGene32, Microsoft Windows based Freeware for Population Genetic Analysis, Version 1.32. Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton

    Google Scholar 

  • Zeinalabedini M, Majourhat K, Khayam-Nekoui M, Grigorian V, Torchi M, Dicenta F, Martinez-Gomez P (2007) Molecular characterization of almond cultivars and related wild species using nuclear and chloroplast DNA markers. J Food Agric Environ 5(3–4):242–247

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang GW, Xu SC, Mao WH, Hu QZ, Gong YM (2013) Determination of the genetic diversity of vegetable soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] using EST-SSR markers. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 14:279–288

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Zhebentyayeva T, Reighard G, Gorina V, Abbott A (2003) Simple sequence repeat (SSR) analysis for assessment of genetic variability in apricot germplasm. Theor Appl Genet 106:435–444

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zhen YQ, Li ZZ, Huang HW, Wang Y (2004) Molecular characterization of kiwifruit (Actinidia) cultivars and selections using SSR markers. J Am Soc Hortic Sci 129:374–382

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Payame-Noor University, P.O. Box 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran

    Mehrana Koohi Dehkordi & Tayebeh Beigzadeh

  2. Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, P.O. Box 61355/144, Ahvaz, Iran

    Karim Sorkheh

Authors
  1. Mehrana Koohi Dehkordi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Tayebeh Beigzadeh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Karim Sorkheh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Karim Sorkheh.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Project funding: The work was supported by Payme-Noor University of Tehran, Iran and Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz (AG1396-Grant_Faculty of Agriculture).

The online version is available at http://www.springerlink.com

Corresponding editor: Tao Xu.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary material 1 (DOCX 66 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Koohi Dehkordi, M., Beigzadeh, T. & Sorkheh, K. Novel in silico EST-SSR markers and bioinformatic approaches to detect genetic variation among peach (Prunus persica L.) germplasm. J. For. Res. 31, 1359–1370 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-019-00922-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-019-00922-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation