Abstract
Attempts have been made to quantify the amount of contaminants absorbed by liquid metal from commercial ZrO2-, Al2O3-, and SiC-base crucibles used for vacuum melting of Ni-45 wt pct Ti alloy. The molten alloy was held under vacuum for 90 minutes at 1450 °C to become homogenized. Reactions between the liquid metal and the crucible were investigated by visual observation, chemical analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image processing, and X-ray mapping. The relative degree of contamination declined in the following sequence: commercially pure SiC>SiC-5 wt pct Al2O3-5 wt pct SiO2>slurry cast alumina>recrystallized alumina>zircon type A>oxygen deficient high-purity zirconia. Thermodynamic calculations showed a difference between the equilibrium and the experimental data, indicating that except for commercially pure SiC crucible, the amount of the crucible elements entering the melt is greater than the calculated equilibrium values. This discrepancy seems to be due to the immersion into the melt of the undissolved chemical compounds formed due to the reactions between the crucible and the liquid phase.
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Sadrnezhad, S.K., Raz, S.B. Interaction between refractory crucible materials and the melted NiTi shape-memory alloy. Metall Mater Trans B 36, 395–403 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-005-0068-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11663-005-0068-2