Abstract
Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that have the ability to synthesize an enormous number of metabolites with a vast diversity of chemical structures and bioactivities. Chaetomiaceae species are a wealthy source of enzymes with diverse biotechnological and industrial applications such as PMO (polysaccharide monooxygenase), L-methioninase, β-1,3-glucanase, laccase, dextranase, lipolytic, pectinolytic, amylolytic, chitinolytic, and proteolytic enzymes. Different classes of secondary metabolites have been reported from this family are derived from various biosynthetic pathways such as alkaloids, polyketides, peptides, terpenes, and polyketide-amino acid hybrid secondary metabolites. These metabolites have attracted research interest due to their fascinating structural frameworks and bioactivities. Therefore, these compounds can be taken into account as candidates for the development of effective and novel lead compounds for medicine, as well as for plant protection. The current review represents the relevant information for Chaetomiaceae species, in particular, its new and first reported secondary metabolites and their pharmacological activities, as well as the biotechnological applications published from 2016 until the beginning of 2021.
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Abbreviations
- A431:
-
human epidermoid carcinoma
- A-549:
-
human lung carcinoma
- AAI:
-
α-amylase inhibitory
- ABTS:
-
2:2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)
- AChE:
-
acetylcholinesterase
- AGI:
-
α-glucosidase inhibitory
- AGS:
-
human gastric cancer cell line
- ARTP:
-
atmospheric and room temperature plasma treatment
- B16F10:
-
mouse melanoma
- BEAS-2B:
-
human pulmonary epithelial cell line
- BHT:
-
butylated hydroxytoluene
- Caco-2:
-
human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines
- CCK-8:
-
cell counting kit-8
- CgAuNPs:
-
C. globosum gold nanoparticles
- Con A:
-
concanavalin A
- CT26:
-
murine colon carcinoma cell line
- COX-2:
-
cyclooxygenase-2
- DP:
-
degree of polymerization
- DPPH:
-
2:2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl
- EC50 :
-
half maximal effective concentration
- EGF:
-
epidermal growth factor
- EMS:
-
ethyl methyl sulfone
- FACS:
-
fluorescence-activated cell sorting
- H292:
-
human lung cancer cell
- HEK 293:
-
human embryonic kidney
- HeLa:
-
human cervix cancer cell line
- Hep-2:
-
human epithelial type 2
- Hep3B:
-
human hepatoma liver carcinoma
- HepG2:
-
human hepatocellular liver carcinoma
- HL-60:
-
human promyelocytic leukemia cell line
- H460:
-
human large cell lung cancer cell
- HCT-8:
-
human cecal adenocarcinoma cell
- HO8910:
-
human ovarian carcinoma cell line
- HT1080:
-
human fibrosarcoma cell line
- HT29:
-
human colon carcinoma cell line
- Huh7:
-
human hepatoma cell line
- IC50 :
-
concentration required to inhibit cell growth by 50%
- IL-1β:
-
interleukin 1 beta
- IL-6:
-
interleukin 6
- IR:
-
inhibition ratio
- IZD:
-
inhibition zone diameter
- K562:
-
chronic myelogenous leukemia
- KB:
-
human epidermoid carcinoma cell line
- L5178Y:
-
mouse lymphoma
- LMW:
-
low molecular weights
- LNCaP:
-
human prostate cancer cells
- L-NMMA:
-
L-NG-monomethyl arginine
- LOX:
-
lipoxygenase
- LPS:
-
lipopolysaccharide
- MABA:
-
microplate alamar blue assay
- MCF-7:
-
human breast adenocarcinoma
- MDA-MB-231:
-
human breast cancer cells
- MGC-803:
-
human gastric cancer cell line
- MIC:
-
minimum inhibitory concentration
- MM231:
-
human breast cancer cell line
- MMP:
-
mitochondrial membrane potential
- MRSA:
-
methicillin-resistant Staph. aureus
- MRSA-1:
-
methicillin-resistant Staph. aureus ATCC 43300
- MRSA-2:
-
methicillin-resistant Staph. aureus CGMCC 1.12409
- MTS:
-
3-(4:5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulphophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium
- MTT:
-
(3-(4:5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl))-2:5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide
- NB4:
-
human leukemia cell lines
- NCI-H187:
-
human small cell lung cancer
- NCM460:
-
normal colonic epithelial cell
- NO:
-
nitric oxide
- PARP:
-
poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase
- PGE-2:
-
prostaglandin E2
- PT:
-
prothrombin time
- PMO:
-
polysaccharide monooxygenase;
- RAW264.7:
-
murine macrophage cell line
- ROS:
-
reactive oxygen species
- SGC-7901:
-
human gastric cancer cells line
- SMMC-7721:
-
human papillomavirus-related endocervical adenocarcinoma
- SW1990:
-
human pancreatic cancer cell line
- SW-480:
-
human colon adenocarcinoma
- TB:
-
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- TNF-α:
-
tumor necrosis factor-α
- TRAIL:
-
tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand
- U-2OS:
-
human osteosarcoma cell line
- U87MG:
-
human glioblastoma cell line
- XO:
-
xanthine oxidase
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Conceptualization, S.R.M.I. and G.A.M.; resources, G.A.M. and S.G.A.M.; writing-original draft preparation, S.R.M.I., G.A.M., and S.G.A.M.; writing-review and editing, G.A.M. and S.R.M.I; resources, revision, and proof-reading, I.A.S.; all authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
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Ibrahim, S.R.M., Mohamed, S.G.A., Sindi, I.A. et al. Biologically active secondary metabolites and biotechnological applications of species of the family Chaetomiaceae (Sordariales): an updated review from 2016 to 2021. Mycol Progress 20, 595–639 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-021-01704-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-021-01704-w