Skip to main content
Log in

Here or There Instruction: Lessons Learned in Implementing Innovative Approaches to Blended Synchronous Learning

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
TechTrends Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Here or There (HOT) instruction is a blended synchronous approach that enables students from on-campus (“here”) or a remote location (“there”) to participate together in class activities in real time. The purpose of this article is to share three different cases at two universities that illustrate different implementations of HOT instruction, explain the affordances of these varied approaches, provide best practices that are common to each, and share lessons learned along the way. Readers will gain a better understanding of how to implement a range of innovative HOT approaches, and in what context(s) they might choose one approach over another. The authors’ experience indicates that sound pedagogical principles along with pragmatic considerations, such as class size, available technology, and instructor’s skills, should guide decisions regarding use of these blended synchronous approaches. Future research should look towards what impact blended synchronous environments have on student outcomes.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bell, J., Sawaya, S., & Cain, W. (2014). Synchromodal classes: designing for shared learning experiences between face-to-face and online students. International Journal of Designs for Learning, 5(1), 68–82 Retrieved from http://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/ijdl.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bower, M., Dalgarno, B., Kennedy, G. E., Lee, M. J., & Kenney, J. (2014). Blended synchronous learning: a handbook for educators. Retrieved from http://blendsync.org.

  • Bower, M., Dalgarno, B., Kennedy, G. E., Lee, M. J., & Kenney, J. (2015). Design and implementation factors in blended synchronous learning environments: outcomes from a cross-case analysis. Computers & Education, 86, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2015.03.0060360-1315.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Butz, N. T., & Stupnisky, R. H. (2016). A mixed methods study of graduate students’ self-determined motivation in synchronous hybrid learning environments. The Internet and Higher Education, 28, 85–95. https://doi.org/10.1016.j.iheduc.2015.10.003.

  • Cunningham, U. (2014). Teaching the disembodied: othering and activity systems in a blended synchronous learning situation. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 15(6), 33–51. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v15i6.1793.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dove, A. (2013). Students’ perceptions of learning in a flipped statistics class. In R. McBride & M. Searson (Eds.), Proceedings of SITE 2013–society for information technology & teacher education international conference (pp. 393–398). New Orleans: Association for the Advancement of Computing in Education (AACE).

    Google Scholar 

  • Enfield, J. (2013). Looking at the impact of the flipped classroom model of instruction on undergraduate multimedia students at CSUN. TechTrends, 57(6), 14–27 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-013-0698-1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hill, P. (2012). Online educational delivery models: a descriptive view. Educause Review, 47(6), 84–97 Retrieved from http://er.educause.edu/~/media/files/article-downloads/erm1263.pdf.

    Google Scholar 

  • McKimmy, P. B., & Schmidt, M. (2014) HOT Classroom: Iterations on equipping a here-or-there instructional space. Jacksonville, FL: Presented at the 2014 International Convention of the Association for Educational Communications and Technology.

  • McKimmy, P. B., & Schmidt, M. (2015). HOT instruction: Equipping a here-or-there classroom. Honolulu, HI: Presented at the 20th Annual Technology, Colleges & Community Worldwide Conference.

  • Park, Y. J., & Bonk, C. J. (2007). Synchronous learning experiences: distance and residential learners’ perspectives in a blended graduate course. Journal of Interactive Online Learning, 6(3), 245–264.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pierce, R., & Fox, J. (2012). Vodcasts and active-learning exercises in a “flipped classroom” model of a renal pharmacotherapy module. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, 76(10), 196.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rogers, P. C., Graham, C. R., Rasmussen, R., Campbell, J. O., & Ure, D. M. (2003). Case 2: blending face-to-face and distance learners in a synchronous class: Instructor and learner experiences. The Quarterly Review of Distance Education, 4(3), 245–251.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roseth, C., Akcaoglu, M., & Zellner, A. (2013). Blending synchronous face-to-face and computer-supported cooperative learning in a hybrid doctoral seminar. TechTrends, 57(3), 54–59. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-013-0663-z.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Szeto, E. (2015). Community of inquiry as an instructional approach: what effects of teaching, social and cognitive presences are there in blended synchronous learning and teaching? Computers & Education, 81, 191–201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2014.10.015.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Things You Should Know About Flipped Classrooms (2012). Educause Learning Initiative. Retrieved from http://educause.edu/eli.

  • White, C. P., Ramirez, R., Smith, J. G., & Plonowski, L. (2010). Simultaneous delivery of a face-to-face course to on-campus and remote off-campus students. TechTrends, 54(4), 34–40. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-010-0418-z.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge J.P. Leong at the University of Cincinnati for his expertise with technological design and on-site support and Zach Warner at the University of Cincinnati for offering sound instructional design advice.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Janet Mannheimer Zydney.

Ethics declarations

Ethical Approval

This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors.

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Informed Consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Conflict of Interest

All authors declare that he/she has no conflict of interest.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zydney, J.M., McKimmy, P., Lindberg, R. et al. Here or There Instruction: Lessons Learned in Implementing Innovative Approaches to Blended Synchronous Learning. TechTrends 63, 123–132 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-018-0344-z

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-018-0344-z

Keywords

Navigation