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Demographic and Behavioral Factors Associated with Daily Sugar-sweetened Soda Consumption in New York City Adults

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Abstract

The objective of the study was to assess the relations of socioeconomic and behavioral factors to frequent consumption of sugar-sweetened soda among New York City (NYC) adults and the relation of frequent consumption to body mass index (BMI; kg/m2). Data from the 2005 NYC Community Health Survey, a population-based telephone survey, were analyzed. Frequent consumption was defined as drinking one or more 12-oz servings of sugar-sweetened soda on an average day; 9,865 adults, aged 18 years and older, provided valid responses. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with frequent consumption, and linear regression models were used to assess the relation of frequent consumption to BMI. An estimated 27.5% of NYC adults are frequent sugar-sweetened soda consumers. Frequent consumption is independently associated with low household income (odds ratio [OR] = 1.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4–2.1 for <200% vs. ≥600% federal poverty level) and with ethnic group and nativity (e.g., OR = 3.1, 95% CI 2.6–3.7 for U.S.-born blacks vs. whites). Men report more consumption then women, but an association of less education with frequent consumption is stronger among women. Adjusting for demographics, frequent consumption is associated with more television viewing and with less physical activity. Adjusting for demographics and behaviors, frequent consumption was associated with higher BMI among women (0.7 BMI units, 95% CI 0.1–1.2) but not among men. Disparities in sugar-sweetened soda consumption mirror obesity disparities. Improved surveillance and interventions are needed to better quantify and reduce consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, especially in groups most impacted by obesity.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Dr. Bonnie Kerker for her thoughtful review of the manuscript. The authors are also grateful to Ms. Donna Eisenhower and Chitra Ramsaswamy for oversight of the collection and management of the Community Health Survey data. The authors have no competing interests related to this work. The Community Health Survey data collection and this analysis were solely funded internally by the Department of Health and Mental Hygiene.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA

    Colin D. Rehm

  2. Bureau of Environmental Surveillance and Policy, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, 22 Cortlandt Street, CN34E, New York, NY, 10007, USA

    Thomas D. Matte

  3. East and Central Harlem District Public Health Office, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY, 10029, USA

    Gretchen Van Wye

  4. Bureau of Chronic Disease Prevention and Control, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY, 10007, USA

    Candace Young

  5. Office of the Commissioner, New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY, USA

    Thomas R. Frieden

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  1. Colin D. Rehm
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  2. Thomas D. Matte
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  3. Gretchen Van Wye
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  4. Candace Young
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  5. Thomas R. Frieden
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Correspondence to Thomas D. Matte.

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Rehm, C.D., Matte, T.D., Van Wye, G. et al. Demographic and Behavioral Factors Associated with Daily Sugar-sweetened Soda Consumption in New York City Adults. J Urban Health 85, 375–385 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11524-008-9269-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11524-008-9269-8

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