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An Analysis of Risk Factors for Short-Term Complication Rates and Increased Length of Stay Following Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty

  • Original Article
  • Published:
HSS Journal ®

Abstract

Background

Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is an increasingly popular procedure, with excellent long-term outcomes. However, there are only a limited number of reports reporting its short-term morbidity and mortality.

Questions/Purposes

We sought to analyze the reported 30-day morbidity, mortality, and risk factors for complications and prolonged length of stay (>4 days) following UKA.

Patients and Methods

Utilizing the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database, including patients (n = 2316) from 2005–2012, we correlated the reported 30-day complications and prolonged length of stay with patient demographics and risk factors.

Results

The overall rate of complications was low (3.2%). The distribution of complications demonstrated 0.5% major systemic, 1.4% minor systemic, 0.7% major local, and 0.9% minor local complications, with a 2.1% readmission rate. Multivariate regression demonstrated increased BMI and a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as independent risk factors for complications. Furthermore, multivariate regression demonstrated increased BMI, ASA ≥ 3, history of COPD, recent operation, and postoperative transfusion as independent risk factors for prolonged length of hospitalization.

Conclusions

Utilizing the NSQIP, we present one of the largest studies to date evaluating complications following UKA. Our multivariate model demonstrated obesity and COPD to be the risk factors for complications while obesity, ASA ≥ 3, COPD, recent operation, and blood transfusion to be the risk factors for prolonged length of stay.

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Disclosures

Conflict of Interest

Bryan D. Haughom, MD, William W. Schairer, MD, Michael D. Hellman, MD, Benedict U. Nwachukwu, MD and Brett R. Levine, MD, MS have declared that they have no conflict of interest.

Human/Animal Rights

All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2008 (5).

Informed Consent

Informed consent was waived from all patients for being included in the study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Rush University, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 1611 W. Harrison Blvd, Suite 200, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA

    Bryan D. Haughom MD, Michael D. Hellman MD & Brett R. Levine MD, MS

  2. Hospital for Special Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 535 East 70th St, New York, NY, 10021, USA

    William W. Schairer MD & Benedict U. Nwachukwu MD

Authors
  1. Bryan D. Haughom MD
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  2. William W. Schairer MD
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  3. Michael D. Hellman MD
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  5. Brett R. Levine MD, MS
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Correspondence to Bryan D. Haughom MD.

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Level of Evidence: Prognostic Study Level II

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Haughom, B.D., Schairer, W.W., Hellman, M.D. et al. An Analysis of Risk Factors for Short-Term Complication Rates and Increased Length of Stay Following Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty. HSS Jrnl 11, 112–116 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11420-014-9422-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11420-014-9422-8

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