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Cardiotonic effect of Apocynum venetum L. extracts on isolated guinea pig atrium

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Abstract

The effects on guinea-pig heart muscle of extracts of Apocynum venetum L. leaf, root, stem, old stem and Venetron—a polyphenol-rich extract of leaves—were studied by recording the mechanical activity and heart rate of isolated right atria. Cymarin—a cardiac glycoside—was also determined in A. venetum extracts by LC–MS/MS analysis. All extracts examined here showed a weak cardiotonic effect, i.e., induced a contractile response of the isolated atria and increased the pulse at a concentration of 1 mg/mL, which was not inhibited by propranolol (1 μM)—a β-adrenoceptor blocker. The cymarin content in extracts of A. venetum was ranked as follows: old stem >> stem > root > leaf >> Venetron. Since the cardiotonic effects of A. venetum extracts did not reflect the cymarin content, a possible mechanism other than that of cardiac glycosides was investigated. The inhibitory effects on phosphodiesterase 3 (PDE3) were studied in a cell-free enzyme assay; all extracts of various parts of A. venetum inhibited PDE purified from human platelets. These results suggest that PDE3 inhibition may contribute to the cardiotonic effects of A. venetum extracts.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Ms. Ayako Inoue for her technical assistance. Part of this work was supported by MEXT. HAITEKU (2004–2008) (to T.H.).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, 1-1-20 Shinmachi, Nishitokyo, Tokyo, 202-8585, Japan

    Kaoru Irie, Maiko Kawaguchi & Toshiyuki Himi

  2. Department of Natural Resources and Physiological Chemistry, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8549, Japan

    Takahiro Sato

  3. Tokiwa Phytochemical, 158 Kinoko, Sakura, Chiba, 285-0801, Japan

    Ippei Tanaka & Jun-ichiro Nakajima

Authors
  1. Kaoru Irie
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  2. Takahiro Sato
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  3. Ippei Tanaka
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  4. Jun-ichiro Nakajima
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  5. Maiko Kawaguchi
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  6. Toshiyuki Himi
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Correspondence to Kaoru Irie.

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Irie, K., Sato, T., Tanaka, I. et al. Cardiotonic effect of Apocynum venetum L. extracts on isolated guinea pig atrium. J Nat Med 63, 111–116 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11418-008-0296-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11418-008-0296-2

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