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Reviewing the potential for including habitat fragmentation to improve life cycle impact assessments for land use impacts on biodiversity

  • LCIA OF IMPACTS ON HUMAN HEALTH AND ECOSYSTEMS
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose

The biosphere is progressively subjected to a variety of pressures resulting from anthropogenic activities. Habitat conversion, resulting from anthropogenic land use, is considered the dominant factor driving terrestrial biodiversity loss. Hence, adequate modelling of land use impacts on biodiversity in decision-support tools, like life cycle assessment (LCA), is a priority. State-of-the-art life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) characterisation models for land use impacts on biodiversity translate natural habitat transformation and occupation into biodiversity impacts. However, the currently available models predominantly focus on total habitat loss and ignore the spatial configuration of the landscape. That is, habitat fragmentation effects are ignored in current LCIAs with the exception of one recently developed method.

Methods

Here, we review how habitat fragmentation may affect biodiversity. In addition, we investigate how land use impacts on biodiversity are currently modelled in LCIA and how missing fragmentation impacts can influence the LCIA model results. Finally, we discuss fragmentation literature to evaluate possible methods to include habitat fragmentation into advanced characterisation models.

Results and discussion

We found support in available ecological literature for the notion that habitat fragmentation is a relevant factor when assessing biodiversity loss. Moreover, there are models that capture fragmentation effects on biodiversity that have the potential to be incorporated into current LCIA characterisation models.

Conclusions and recommendations

To enhance the credibility of LCA biodiversity assessments, we suggest that available fragmentation models are adapted, expanded and subsequently incorporated into advanced LCIA characterisation models and promote further efforts to capture the remaining fragmentation effects in LCIA characterisation models.

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Funding

This research was funded by NTNU Sustainability. NTNU Sustainability is one of the four strategic research areas at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) for the period 2014-2023.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Industrial Ecology Programme, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, NTNU, 7491, Trondheim, Norway

    Koen J. J. Kuipers & Francesca Verones

  2. Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), P.O. Box 5685, Sluppen, 7485, Trondheim, Norway

    Roel F. May

  3. Ecology Group, Department of Biology, NTNU, 7491, Trondheim, Norway

    Bente J. Graae

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  1. Koen J. J. Kuipers
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Correspondence to Koen J. J. Kuipers.

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Kuipers, K.J.J., May, R.F., Graae, B.J. et al. Reviewing the potential for including habitat fragmentation to improve life cycle impact assessments for land use impacts on biodiversity. Int J Life Cycle Assess 24, 2206–2219 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-019-01647-1

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