Abstract
Microplastics are emerging as prominent pollutants across the globe. Oceans are becoming major sinks for these pollutants, and their presence is widespread in coastal regions, oceanic surface waters, water column, and sediments. Studies have revealed that microplastics cause serious threats to the marine ecosystem as well as human beings. In the past few years, many research efforts have focused on studying different aspects relating to microplastic pollution of the oceans. This review summarizes sources, migration routes, and ill effects of marine microplastic pollution along with various conventional as well as advanced methods for microplastics analysis and control. However, various knowledge gaps in detection and analysis require attention in order to understand the sources and transport of microplastics, which is critical to deploying mitigation strategies at appropriate locations. Advanced removal methods and an integrated approach are necessary, including government policies and stringent regulations to control the release of plastics.
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References
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All the authors have contributed equally in drafting the manuscript, literature collection, and analysis. A Saini has written about origin, types, sources, abundance, and transport of microplastics in marine ecosystem. S Sharma has discussed the details of ecological impacts of marine microplastics. A Bhardwaj has contributed the MPs’ analysis and policies parts of the manuscript. M Thakur has written about management strategies for marine microplastics pollution. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
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Sharma, S., Bhardwaj, A., Thakur, M. et al. Understanding microplastic pollution of marine ecosystem: a review. Environ Sci Pollut Res (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-28314-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-28314-1