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Could phthalates exposure contribute to the development of metabolic syndrome and liver disease in humans?

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Abstract

In the study, 305 patients of both genders were enrolled and divided into three groups: obese (BMI > 30 kg/m2), patients who were diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and control, normal weight healthy volunteers. At least one of ten different phthalate metabolites was determined in the urine samples of 49.84% all enrolled participants. In the obese subgroup, the sum of all urinary phthalate metabolites was positively associated with TG levels (p = 0.031) together with derived TC/HDL and TG/HDL ratios (p = 0.023 and 0.015), respectively. Urinary MEP concentration was positively correlated with the HOMA-IR in T2DM subgroup (p = 0.016) while in the control subgroup, log10MEP levels were negatively correlated with total cholesterol (p = 0.0051), and LDL serum levels (p = 0.0015), respectively. Also, in the control subgroup, positive linear correlations between urinary log10MEP levels and TyG and TYG-BMI values (p = 0.028 and p = 0.027), respectively, were determined. Urinary MEHP levels were associated with glucose serum levels (p = 0.02) in T2DM subgroup, while in the control HDL values were negatively associated with log10MEHP (p = 0.0035). Healthy volunteers exposed to phthalates had elevated AST levels in comparison to non-exposed ones (p = 0.023). In control subgroup, ALT and AST values were increased (p = 0.02 and p = 0.01, respectively) in MEP exposed while GGT levels were enhanced (p = 0.017) in MEHP exposed in comparison with non-exposed. Combined phthalates influence on glucose and lipid metabolism may increase the possibility for NAFLD and insulin resistance development among exposed individuals.

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Funding

This research has been financially supported by the Provincial Secretariat for Science and Technological Development, AP Vojvodina, Republic of Serbia, Grant No 114-451-2216/2016.

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  1. Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacy, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia

    Nataša Milošević, Maja Milanović, Jan Sudji & Nataša Milić

  2. Health Center Ruma, Ruma, Serbia

    Dragana Bosić Živanović

  3. Faculty of Medicine, Oncology Institute of Vojvodina, University of Novi Sad, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia

    Stefan Stojanoski

  4. Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia

    Bojan Vuković & Milica Medić Stojanoska

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  1. Nataša Milošević
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Milošević, N., Milanović, M., Sudji, J. et al. Could phthalates exposure contribute to the development of metabolic syndrome and liver disease in humans?. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 772–784 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06831-2

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