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Exposure to PM10, NO2, and O3 and impacts on human health

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Abstract

Air pollution is emerging as a risk factor for human health like cancer and other health outcomes in developing countries, especially Iran where air pollutant concentrations are elevated. Additionally, some of the crucial environmental problems are caused by air pollution. Nevertheless, the data on health effects of air pollution are limited. The main objective of this study was to assess the health impacts attributed to particulate matter less than 10 μg/m3 (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and ozone (O3) in Kermanshah City (Iran). The diurnal averages of PM10 and NO2 levels and 1-h averages of O3 concentrations were applied to assess the cardiovascular mortality due to exposure to these pollutants during the years 2014 and 2015. The excess number of cardiovascular mortality was estimated by relative risk (RR) and baseline incidence (BI) defined by the World Health Organization (WHO). The excess in mortality risk for cardiovascular diseases is of 188 premature deaths related to PM10, 33 related to NO2, and 83 related to O3, respectively. The results indicate that a 10-μg/m3 change in PM10, NO2, and O3 generates a relative risk of 1.066, 1.012, and 1.020, respectively. The excess of relative risk is of 6.6, 1.2, and 2.0%, respectively. Immediate policies and actions are needed to reduce the various sources of these pollutants from transport and energy manufacture facilities in Kermanshah.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank the Kermanshah’s Environmental Protection Agency (KEPA) for supplying the air pollution data.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Health Care System of Karoon, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Yusef Omidi Khaniabadi

  2. Environmental Technologies Research Center (ETRC), Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Gholamreza Goudarzi

  3. Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Gholamreza Goudarzi

  4. Health Center of Hendijan, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Seyed Mohammad Daryanoosh

  5. Cancer Registry and Environmental Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Via Venezian 1, Milan, Italy

    Alessandro Borgini & Andrea Tittarelli

  6. Department of Territorial and Production Systems Sustainability, SSPT-MET-INAT, ENEA, CR Casaccia, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123, Rome, Italy

    Alessandra De Marco

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  1. Yusef Omidi Khaniabadi
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  2. Gholamreza Goudarzi
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  3. Seyed Mohammad Daryanoosh
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  4. Alessandro Borgini
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  5. Andrea Tittarelli
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  6. Alessandra De Marco
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Correspondence to Alessandra De Marco.

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Khaniabadi, Y.O., Goudarzi, G., Daryanoosh, S.M. et al. Exposure to PM10, NO2, and O3 and impacts on human health. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24, 2781–2789 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-8038-6

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