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The origin and genetic variability of vegetatively propagated clones identified from old planted trees and plantations of Thujopsis dolabrata var. hondae in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan

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Abstract

Clonal plantations of Thujopsis dolabrata var. hondae have been established in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan, since at least the 1800s. Historical planting of the species has led to the development of vegetatively propagated local cultivars, which originated from ‘donor’ trees that have often been conserved in sacred groves or avenues at shrines and temples. These donor trees must have been selected from natural populations. In this study, we estimated the origin and genetic variability of clones identified among old planted trees and clonal plantations of T. dolabrata var. hondae, using 19 microsatellite markers. We discovered 12 clones among old planted trees, including 5 identical to members of a set of 14 we previously identified in plantations (giving 21 clones in total). Based on analyses combining assignment and exclusion tests, we inferred origins of 8 of those 21 clones: 6 may have originated from a natural population distributed in Ishikawa, 1 from Hokkaido and Aomori, and the other from Iwate and Yamagata, suggesting the clones constituting cultivars have multiple origins. The clones identified in plantations have significantly lower genetic variability and higher relatedness, indicating that clones of cultivars have a much narrower genetic base than those of natural populations. We suggest new clones selected from natural populations elsewhere, as well as Ishikawa, are needed for future breeding of T. dolabrata var. hondae to develop clonal forestry for this species.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Dr. Jiro Kodani, Ms. Tomomi Hashiba, Ms. Noriko Tokuda, Ms. Moeko Kawasaki, Mr. Yo Sengi and other members of Forestry Experiment Station, Ishikawa Agriculture and Forest Research Center, for research support and helpful advice. We also thank Associate Professor Tatsuro Hamada of Ishikawa Prefectural University and Dr. Masako Komaki of Agricultural Experiment Station, Ishikawa Agriculture and Forest Research Center, for technical support.

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Author notes

  1. Torazo Ikeda

    Present address: Forestry Research Institute, Hokkaido Research Organization, Higashiyama, Koshunai-cho, Bibai, Hokkaido, 079-0198, Japan

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Ishikawa Prefectural Government, Ishikawa, Japan

    Torazo Ikeda

  2. Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan

    Torazo Ikeda & Nobuhiro Tomaru

  3. Forest Tree Breeding Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, Ibaraki, Japan

    Kentaro Mishima

  4. Institute of Wood Technology, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, Japan

    Katsuhiko Takata

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  1. Torazo Ikeda
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Correspondence to Torazo Ikeda.

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Data archiving statement

The microsatellite genotype data used in this study have been deposited in the Dryad Digital Repository: https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.gtht76hgw

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Communicated by Y. Tsumura

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Ikeda, T., Mishima, K., Takata, K. et al. The origin and genetic variability of vegetatively propagated clones identified from old planted trees and plantations of Thujopsis dolabrata var. hondae in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. Tree Genetics & Genomes 15, 80 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-019-1391-0

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