Abstract
Birds have enough conditions to be used as bioindicators for the presence of environmental contaminants. Notably, chlorpyrifos (CPF) remains extensively employed in Argentina, particularly in fruit plantations and livestock settings This study aimed to assess the potential impacts of CPF on common quail (Coturnix coturnix) embryos through external eggshell application during key embryonic stages (days 1, 4, and 14). Concentrations equivalent to those used in fruit applications, 5× and 10 × (38.4, 192, and 384 µg/egg), were employed. A 48% commercial formulation of CPF (Pirfos - Icona®) was utilized. An increase in embryonic deaths, as well as a statistical association between the degree of liver or kidney lesions and CPF concentrations was observed. The results suggest that CPF can induce embryotoxic effects with a single exposure to quail embryos and compromise the viability of the organisms. The study suggests a potential exposure risk for embryos through contact with the insecticide on the eggshell’s exterior.
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The histological images presented in this article, as well as complementary and underlying data, are supported by the doctoral thesis manuscript available in the digital repository of the National University of Litoral Library, Argentina. URI: https://hdl.handle.net/11185/7100.
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The authors would like to thank the Universidad Juan Agustín Maza for institutional support and to Tech. Sandra Letelier for her invaluable assistance in sample processing.
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Authors has received research support from Juan Agustín Maza University.
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Conceptualization: NBG. Methodology: AMQ, AP. Formal analysis and investigation: AMQ, AP and NG. Funding acquisition: NBG. The first draft of the manuscript was written by NBG and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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The methodology used was approved by the Institutional Committee for the Care and Use of Laboratory, Research and Teaching Animals (CICUALE), Juan Agustín Maza University (Protocol No. 119/Year 2016). DGXI European Commission recommendations regarding the protection of animals used for experimental and scientific purposes were followed (EU, 2010).
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Quero, A.A.M., Pedrosa, A. & Gorla, N.B.M. Liver and kidney damage in quail embryos hatched from eggs sprayed once with chlorpyrifos during artificial incubation. Vet Res Commun 48, 1285–1291 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-024-10298-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-024-10298-z