Abstract
In the waters of southeast Australia, two species of sawshark—the common (Pristiophorus cirratus) and southern (Pristiophorus nudipinnis) sawshark—are frequent by-catch in commercial fisheries. While harvesting of both species is currently considered sustainable, there has been no investigation of whether P. cirratus and P. nudipinnis display genetically distinct populations throughout their ranges. Such information is necessary for effective management of these species in commercial fisheries. This study examined population structure in both sawshark species through analysis of two mitochondrial genes: cytochrome b (Cyt-b) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (ND5). Results indicated contrasting levels of population structure, with P. cirratus consisting of two, possibly three, genetically distinct populations with two mitochondrial lineages and P. nudipinnis consisting of a single population. Tests for population expansion also highlighted differences between the two species. Population expansion was detected for the entire P. nudipinnis population, whereas this was only the case for one mitochondrial lineage in P. cirratus. The entire P. cirratus population displayed signals of demographic stability. It is hypothesised that the opening and closing of Bass Strait during glacial-interglacial cycles played a major role in shaping the population structure and expansion signatures observed in this study. Mitochondrial data also suggest that patterned and uniform brown P. cirratus are the same species. Fisheries managers should consider adopting two management units in southern Australia—one along the east coast (for the eastern P. cirratus population) and one along the south coast (for the southern P. cirratus population and the single P. nudipinnis population).
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All haplotypes identified in this study have been deposited in GenBank and the accession numbers are listed in the supplementary material.
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Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank all individuals who assisted in the collection and provision of tissue samples: Tony Bagnato & crew of FV Francessca; the crew of FRV Bluefin; Vincent Raoult & Troy Gaston; Charlie Huveneers & Matt McMillan; Brad Duncan; Adrian Pluymers; Joanna Sumner; Kim Smith & Nic Soulos; Russell Frost & Alan Nicholls; Jeff Johnson & Jessica Worthington-Wilmer; Louise Tosetto, Patrick Burke & Jorge Rodriguez-Monter. Our thanks are also extended to Louise Chow, Jennalee Clark, and Timothy Ghaly for laboratory and bioinformatic support. We are grateful for the assistance and guidance provided by Simon Ho with the analysis of the Extended Bayesian Skyline plots. Ryan Nevatte was supported by a Macquarie University Research (MQRes) scholarship.
Funding
Funding for molecular reagents and DNA sequencing was provided by the Department of Biological Sciences at Macquarie University and the Save Our Seas Foundation Keystone Grant (#2019/441) awarded to Jane Williamson.
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Ethics approval was not required for this study. All tissue samples were either collected from deceased sawsharks purchased directly from commercial fishers and fish cooperatives, donated by museums and collaborating researchers, or sourced from previous studies. Samples used from previous studies were collected under approved research trawling permits, which are stated in the cited publications.
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Nevatte, R.J., Williamson, J.E., Wueringer, B.E. et al. Contrasting patterns of population structure in commercially fished sawsharks from southern Australian waters. Rev Fish Biol Fisheries 31, 359–379 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-021-09640-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-021-09640-4