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Gender and Racial Disparities among US Psychiatry Residents: A Review of Trends

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Abstract

Diversity provides better patient outcomes, reduces physician burnout, and therefore lessens the burden of the healthcare system. In this study, we explore the gender and racial trends in the recruitment of medical graduates into US psychiatry residency programs. Retrospective data analysis was performed utilizing the data from the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) Data’s annual Resource Books from the year 2007 to 2018. Demographic data, including gender and race, were extracted for psychiatry residents. Gender was categorized as Male, Female, and Not Reported. Race/ethnicity was categorized as White (Non-Hispanic), Asian/Pacific Islander, Hispanic, Black/African-American (Non-Hispanic), Native American/Alaskan, Others (not in the aforementioned categories), and Unknown. Female psychiatry residents relatively decreased by 2.6% whereas male psychiatry residents relatively increased by 15.5% from 2007 to 2018. Between the years 2011 and 2018, there was a relative increase in African American/Black and Native American/Alaskan psychiatry residents by 5.5% and 1%, respectively, whereas the Asian/Pacific Islanders, White (Non-Hispanic), and Hispanic/Latino psychiatry residents relatively decreased by 5.1%, 2.3%, and 1.7%, respectively. Despite the overall increase of women and ethnic minorities in US medical schools, women and racial minorities remain significantly under-represented in psychiatry residency programs in the US.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nishtar Medical University, Multan, Pakistan

    Amna Mohyud Din Chaudhary

  2. Institute of Living, 200 Retreat Ave, Hartford, CT, 06102, USA

    Sadiq Naveed

  3. Khyber Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan

    Sundas Saboor

  4. Mather Hospital Northwell Health, Port Jefferson, NY, USA

    Beenish Safdar

  5. Sidra Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Doha, Qatar

    Muhammad Waqar Azeem

  6. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada

    Faisal Khosa

Authors
  1. Amna Mohyud Din Chaudhary
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  2. Sadiq Naveed
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  3. Sundas Saboor
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  4. Beenish Safdar
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  5. Muhammad Waqar Azeem
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  6. Faisal Khosa
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Contributions

SN and FK were the senior author and conceived the manuscript idea. SN, AC, SS, BS, and MWA were involved in writing up the manuscript. AC performed data analysis.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sadiq Naveed.

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This article has not been presented or submitted previously. All authors have approved the manuscript for submission.

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The authors have no relevant disclosures to report. Dr. Khosa is the recipient of the May Cohen Equity, Diversity, and Gender Award—Association of Faculties of Medicine of Canada (2020); Young Investigator Award—Canadian Association of Radiologists (2019); Rising Star Exchange Scholarship Program of the French Society of Radiology (2019 and Humanitarian Award of Association of Physicians of Pakistani Descent of North America (2019).

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Chaudhary, A.M.D., Naveed, S., Saboor, S. et al. Gender and Racial Disparities among US Psychiatry Residents: A Review of Trends. Psychiatr Q 93, 97–105 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11126-021-09888-w

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