Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Is There a Link Between Childhood Family Violence and Adult Health? Understanding Family Violence Amongst South Asian American Women

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The devastating effects of experiencing violence in childhood has been particularly difficult to assess among South Asians (SA) living in the U.S. due to a lack of race specific data. A cross-sectional quantitative study of 535 SA adult women living in the U.S. was conducted to better understand the relationship between childhood exposure to violence and health behaviors in adulthood. Measures included socio-demographics, exposure to violence as a child via witnessing parental violence, and experience of childhood violence, adult IPV, suicide ideation and attempt, and body esteem and subjective well-being in adulthood. Significant associations were found between childhood verbal abuse and body esteem and subjective well-being in adulthood; childhood physical abuse and subjective well-being in adulthood; and having a battered mother and subjective well-being in adulthood. To date, this is the first study to examine childhood violence and its relationship to adult IPV and health among SA women in the U.S.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Hoeffel ME, Rastogi S, Kim MO, Shahid, H The Asian Population: 2010. 2010 Census Briefs. Issued March 2012. Accessed from: https://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/briefs/c2010br-11.pdf. Retrieved May 2018.

  2. Robertson HA, Nagaraj NC, Vyas AN. Family violence and child sexual abuse among South Asians in the US. J Immigr Minor Health. 2015;18:1–7.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Raj A, Silverman J. Immigrant South Asian women at greater risk for injury from Intimate Partner Violence. Am J Public Health. 2003;93:435–7.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  4. Ahmad F, Steward DE. Patriarchal beliefs and perceptions of abuse among South Asian immigrant women. Violence Against Women. 2004;10:262–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Molnar BE, Buka SL, Kessler R. Child sexual abuse and subsequent psychopathology: results from the national comorbidity survey. Am J Public Health. 2001;91(5):753–60.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  6. Herrenkohl TI, Sousa C, Tajima EA, Herrenkohl RC, Moylan CA. Intersection of child abuse and children’s exposure to domestic violence. Trauma Violence Abuse. 2008;9(2):84–99.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Dong M, Anda RF, Felitti VJ, Dube SR, Williamson DF, Thompson TJ, et al. The interrelatedness of multiple forms of childhood abuse, neglect, and house- hold dysfunction. Child Abuse Neglect. 2004;28:771–84.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Felitti VJ, Anda RF, Nordenberg D, Williamson DF, Spitz AM, Edwards V, et al. Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults: the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study. Am J Prev Med. 1998;14(4):245–58.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Tjaden P, Thoennes N. Extent, nature, and consequences of intimate partner violence: findings from the National Violence against Women Survey. Washington, DC: Department of Justice, National Institute of Justice; 2000.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  10. Whitfield CL, Anda RF, Dube SR, et al. The violent childhood and the risk of intimate partner violence in adults. Assessment in a large health maintenance organization. J Interpers Violence. 2003;18:166–85.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Herrenkhol TI, Mason WA, Kosterman R, et al. Pathways of physical childhood abuse to partner violence in young adulthood. Violence Vict. 2004;19:123–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Gewirtz AH, Edleson JL. Young children’s exposure to intimate partner violence: towards a developmental risk and resilience framework for research and intervention. J Fam Violence. 2007;22:151–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Sugaya L, Hasin DL, Olfson M, Lin K, Grant BF, Blanco C. Child physical abuse and adult mental health. J Trauma Stress. 2012;25(4):384–92.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  14. Mullen PE, Martin JL, Anderson JC, Romans SE, Herbison GP. The long-term impact of the physical, emotional, and sexual abuse of children: a community study. Child Abuse Neglect. 1996;20(1):7–21.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Hurwitz EJ, Gupta J, Liu R, Silverman JG, Raj A. Intimate partner violence associated with poor health outcomes in U.S. South Asian women. J Immigr Minor Health. 2006;8(3):251–61.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Kurst-Swanger K, Petcosky JL, Ebrary I. Violence in the home: multidisciplinary perspectives. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2003.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  17. Benas J,S, Uhrlass DJ, Gibb BE. Body dissatisfaction and weight-related teasing: a model of cognitive vulnerability to depression among women. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2010;41(4):352–6.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  18. Keel PK, Baxter MG, Heatherton TF, Joiner TE. A 20-year longitudinal study of body weight, dieting, and eating disorder symptoms. J Abnorm Psychol. 2007;11(6):422–32.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Stokes R, Frederick-Recascino C. Women’s perceived body image: relations with personal happiness. J Women Aging. 2003;15(1):17–29.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Fine A, Kotelchuck M. (2010). Rethinking MCH: The MCH life course model as an organizing framework. U.S. DHHS, HRSA, Maternal and Child Health Bureau. Available at: http://mchb.hrsa.gov/lifecourse/rethinkingmchlifecourse.pdf. Accessed 3 March 2016.

  21. Williams LM. Understanding child abuse and violence against women: a life course perspective. J Intrapersonal Violence. 2003;18(4):441–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Heckathorn DD. Comment: snowball versus respondent-driven sampling. Sociol Methodol. 2011;41(1):355–66.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  23. SAALT. 2012. A demographic snapshot of South Asians in the United States. http://saalt.electricembers.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/Demographic-Snapshot-Asian-American-Foundation-2012.pdf. Accessed 16 Jan 2015.

  24. Zea M, Asner-Self K, Birman D, Buki L. The abbreviated multidimensional acculturation scale: empirical validation with two latino/latina samples. Cultural Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol. 2003;9(2):107–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Straus MA, Hamby SL, Boney-McCoy S, Sugarman DB. The revised Conflict Tactics Scales (CTS-2): development and preliminary psychometric data. J Fam Issues. 1996;17:283–316.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Hills P, Argyle M. The Oxford Happiness Questionnaire: a compact scale for the measurement of psychological well-being. Personal Individ Differ. 2002;33:1073–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Mendelson BK, Mendelson MJ, White DR. Body-esteem scale for adolescents and adults. J Pers Assess. 2001;76(1):90–106.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Martin SL, Tsui AO, Maitra K, Marinshaw R. Domestic violence in Northern India. Am J Epidemiol. 1999;150(4):417–26.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Molner BE, Berkman LF, Buka SL. Psychopathology, child sexual abuse and other childhood adversities: relative links to subsequent suicidal behavior in the US. Psychol Med. 2001;21:965–77.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Putnam FW. Ten-year research update review: child sexual abuse. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2003;42(3):269–78.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Johnson RM, Kotch JB, Catellier DJ, Winsor JR, Dufort V, Hunter W, Amaya-Jackson L. Adverse behavioral and emotional outcomes from child abuse and witnessed violence. Child Maltreatment. 2002;7(3):179–86.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Carlson BE. Causes and Maintenance of domestic violence: an ecological analysis. Soc Sci Rev. 1984;58(4):569–87.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Beitchman JH, Zucker KJ, Hood JE, daCosta GA, Cassavia E. A review of the long-term effects of child sex abuse. Child Abuse Neglect. 1992;16(1):101–18.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Briere J, Runtz M. Differential adult symptomatology associated with three types of child abuse histories. Child Abuse Neglect. 1990;14:357.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Park N. Subjective well-being in positive youth development. Ann Am Acad. 2004;591:25–39.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Coker AL, McKeown RE, Sanderson M, Davis KE, Valois RF, Huebner ES. Severe dating violence and quality of life among South Carolina high school students. Am J Prev Med. 2000;19:220–27.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nitasha Chaudhary Nagaraj.

Appendix A: Family Health Survey

Appendix A: Family Health Survey

figure a
figure b
figure c
figure d
figure e
figure f
figure g
figure h
figure i
figure j
figure k
figure l
figure m
figure n
figure o
figure p
figure q
figure r
figure s
figure t

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Nagaraj, N.C., Vyas, A.N. & McDonnell, K.A. Is There a Link Between Childhood Family Violence and Adult Health? Understanding Family Violence Amongst South Asian American Women. J Immigrant Minority Health 21, 978–1003 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-018-0829-z

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10903-018-0829-z

Keywords

Navigation