Abstract
The citrus pock caterpillar, Prays endocarpa (Yponomeutidae; Praydinae), is a pest of pomelo (Citrus grandis L.) in Vietnam. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses of pheromone gland extracts from female moths identified three monoenyl compounds, (Z)-7-tetradecenal (Z7-14:Ald), (Z)-7-tetradecenyl acetate (tentatively identified, Z7-14:OAc), and (Z)-7-tetradecen-1-ol (Z7-14:OH), in a ratio of about 10:3:10. In the field, traps baited with synthetic Z7-14:Ald (0.5 mg) caught male P. endocarpa. The other two compounds, either alone or when added to Z7-14:Ald, did not elicit increases in trap catch (relative to the appropriate treatment). Synthetic Z7-14:Ald was used to monitor and control this species in pomelo orchards in Vinh Long Province. Monitoring revealed that adults were present throughout the year with discernible peaks in December, March, and April. A mass-trapping trial, using 20 traps in a 0.1 ha pomelo orchard, effectively suppressed fruit damage to levels similar to that achieved by an insecticide (Karate 2.5EC). Mating disruption trials, using polyethylene-tube dispensers, each filled with 80 mg of Z7-14:Ald at a rate of 200 or 400 dispensers/ha, also controlled damage by this pest to levels below that achieved by an insecticide treatment. This work demonstrates the potential for pheromone-based control of this pest in Vietnam.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ando, T. 2010. Internet database: http://www.tuat.ac.jp/~antetsu/LepiPheroList.htm
Ando, T., Inomata, S., and Yamamoto, M. 2004. Lepidopteran sex pheromones. Top. Curr. Chem. 239:51–96.
Buser, H.-R., Arn, H., Guerin, P., and Rauscher, S. 1983. determination of double bond position in mono-unsaturated acetates by mass spectrometry of dimethyl disulfide adducts. Anal. Chem. 55:818–822.
Campion, D. G., McVeigh, L. J., Polyrakis, J., Michaelakis, S., Stravrakis, G. N., Beevor, P. S., Hall, D. R., and Nesbitt, B. F. 1979. Laboratory and field studies of the female sex pheromone of the olive moth, Prays oleae. Experientia 35:1146–1147.
Cardé, R. T., and Minks, A. K. 1995. Control of moth pests by mating disruption: successes and constraints. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 40:559–585.
El-Sayed, A. M. 2010. Internet database: http://www.pherobase.com/
Gibb, A. R., Jamieson, L. E., Suckling, D. M., Ramankutty, P., and Stevens, P. S. 2005. Sex pheromone of the citrus flower moth Prays nephelomina: pheromone identification, field trapping trials, and phenology. J. Chem. Ecol. 31:1633–1644.
Hegazi, E. M., Konstantopoulou, M. A., Herz, A., Mazomenos, B. E., Khafagi, W. E., Agamy, E., Zaitun, A., Abd El-Aziz G. M., Showiel, S., and Abdel-Rahman, S. M. 2009. Is mating disruption effective in controlling the olive moth, Prays oleae? Crop Prot. 28:181–189.
Mazomenos, B. E., Ortiz, A., Mazomenos-Pantazi, A., Stefanou, D., Stavrakis, N., Karapati, C., and Fountoulakis, M. 1999. Mating disruption for the control of the olive moth, Prays oleae (Bern) (Lep., Yponomeutidae) with the major sex pheromone component. J. Appl. Entomol. 123:247–254.
Nesbitt, B. F., Beevor, P. S., Hall, D. R., Lester, R., Sternlicht. M., and Goldenberg, S. 1977. Identification and synthesis of the female sex pheromone of the citrus flower moth, Prays citri. Insect Biochem. 7:355–359.
Renou, M., Descoins, C., Priesner, E., Gallois, M., and Lettere, M. 1979. Z-7-Tetradecenal, the main component of the sex pheromone of the olive moth Prays oleae. C. R. Hebd. Seances Acad. Sci., Ser. D. 288:1559–1562.
Sternlicht, M., Barzakay, I., and Tamin, M. 1990. Management of Prays citri in lemon orchards by mass trapping of males. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 55:59–68.
Vang, L. V., Inomata, S., Kinjo, M., Komai, F., and Ando, T. 2005. Sex Pheromones of five Olethreutine species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) associated with the seedlings and fruits of mangrove plants in the Ryukyu Islands, Japan: Identification and field evaluation. J. Chem. Ecol. 31:859–878
Wakamura, S. 1992. Development in application of synthetic sex pheromone to pest management. Jpn. Pestic. Inf. 61:26–31.
Acknowledgements
The authors are grateful to Shin-Etsu Chemical Company (Japan) for supplying Z7-14:OAc and formulating the synthetic pheromone.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Vang, L.V., Do, N.D., An, L.K. et al. Sex Pheromone Components and Control of the Citrus Pock Caterpillar, Prays endocarpa, Found in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam. J Chem Ecol 37, 134–140 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-010-9883-2
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-010-9883-2