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Development and initial validation of a multidimensional questionnaire on the relationship to work (RWQ)

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Abstract

The paper presents first the theoretical foundations used to develop a pre-experimental version of a questionnaire on relationship to work, and then the four stages of its initial validation leading to an experimental version. These stages included: (1) Defining the dimensions and sub-dimensions of the relationship to work concept; (2) Operationalizing the dimensions and sub-dimensions and creating the items; (3) Verifying the face and content validity and developing the pre-experimental questionnaire; (4) Testing the pre-experimental questionnaire with 550 workers and 538 students, assessing its psychometric properties and elaborating the experimental questionnaire.

Résumé

Développement et validation initiale d’un questionnaire multidimensionnel sur le rapport au travail (QRT). Cet article présente d’abord les fondements théoriques qui ont servi à élaborer une version pré-expérimentale d’un questionnaire sur le rapport au travail et présente ensuite les étapes de sa validation initiale qui a conduit à la création d’un questionnaire expérimental : 1) Définition conceptuelle des dimensions et des sous-dimensions du rapport au travail; 2) Opérationnalisation et élaboration des items; 3) Vérification de la validité apparente et de contenu et élaboration de la version pré-expérimentale du questionnaire; 4) Test du questionnaire pré-expérimental auprès de 550 travailleurs et 538 étudiants, analyse de ses qualités psychométriques et élaboration du questionnaire expérimental.

Zusammenfasung

Entwicklung und Erstvalidierung eines mehrdimensionalen Fragebogens zur Beziehung zur Arbeit (RWQ). In dem Beitrag werden zunächst die theoretischen Grundlagen zur Entwicklung einer Pretest Version eines Fragebogens zur Beziehung zur Arbeit und anschließend die vier Stufen der ersten Validierung, die zu einer experimentellen Version führen, vorgestellt. Diese Stufen umfassten: 1) Definieren der Dimensionen und Unterdimensionen des Konzepts Beziehung zur Arbeit; 2) Operationalisieren der Dimensionen und Unterdimensionen und bestimmen der Items; 3) Überprüfung der Augenscheins- und Inhaltsvalidität sowie Ausarbeitung des Pretest; 4) Erprobung des Pretests mit 550 Arbeitern und 538 Studenten, Beurteilung seiner psychometrischen Eigenschaften und Ausarbeitung des experimentellen Fragebogens.

Resumen

Desarrollo y validación inicial de un cuestionario multidimensional sobre la relación con el trabajo (RWQ). Inicialmente el documento presenta los fundamentos teóricos utilizados para desarrollar una versión pre-experimental de un cuestionario sobre la relación con el trabajo, y posteriormente las cuatro etapas de su validación inicial que conducen a una versión experimental. Estas etapas incluyen: 1) Definir las dimensiones y sub-dimensiones del concepto de relación con el trabajo; 2) Operacionalizar las dimensiones y sub-dimensiones y crear los ítems; 3) Verificar la validez del formato y del contenido y desarrollar el cuestionario pre-experimental; 4) Probar el cuestionario pre-experimental con 550 trabajadores y 538 estudiantes, evaluar sus propiedades psicométricas y elaborar el cuestionario experimental.

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Notes

  1. This conception of the relationship to work is different from that of the relationship to a job, which refers more to one’s link or attachment to one’s job or employment (May, Gilson, & Harter, 2004; Méda, 2015; Paugam, 2000).

  2. Items have been designed in French.

  3. A total of 1450 comments and suggestions were made by the experts and analyzed by the team.

  4. Here are some examples of items with lower factor loadings and that have been eliminated:.

    « I never count my hours because I find work so enjoyable compared to my other activities » (Relative centrality of work and work valence)

    «… give meaning to my life » (Purposes of work/Work as a source of self-fulfillment and well-being)

    «… collaborate with other people » (Purposes of work/Work as a source of social contacts)

    «… do work that respects my personal ethics » (General expectations regarding working life/Moral rectitude)

  5. In addition to these four sub-dimensions, there is also the sub-dimension "Ideal involvement profile in the different activities and roles in life." However, this sub-dimension was not included in the factor analyses.

  6. According to Cohen (1988), values of 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 are respectively interpreted as low, medium, and high.

  7. The “obligations and duties of employers and society to workers” dimension is not included in the correlation analyses, given the major changes made to it.

  8. The results of the exploratory factor analysis show the same factor structure in each dimension and sub-dimension for each sample (workers and students).

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  1. Centre de recherche et d’intervention sur l’éducation et la vie au travail, Pavillon des Sciences de l’Éducation, Université Laval, 2320, rue des Bibliothèques, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada

    Geneviève Fournier, Simon Viviers, Imane Zineb Lahrizi & Liette Goyer

  2. Département d’éducation et pédagogie, Faculté des sciences de l’éducation, Université du Québec à Montréal, 405 Rue Sainte-Catherine Est, Montréal, QC, H2L 2C4, Canada

    Lise Lachance

  3. Institut de psychologie, Quartier, UNIL-Mouline, Université de Lausanne, Bâtiment Géopolis, Bureau : 4116, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland

    Jonas Masdonati

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Fournier, G., Lachance, L., Viviers, S. et al. Development and initial validation of a multidimensional questionnaire on the relationship to work (RWQ). Int J Educ Vocat Guidance 20, 123–168 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10775-019-09397-0

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