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Secondary contact, hybridization, and diversification in Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus (L.) species complex) from lakes of the Norilo-Pyasinskaya water system, Taimyr: how many forms exist there?

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Abstract

Arctic charr Salvelinus alpinus (L.) complex has two or more sympatric forms in many lakes representing a subject for discussions on the mechanisms of their origin and taxonomic status. To determine the number of sympatric forms in three large lakes of the Norilo-Pyasinskaya water system (Taimyr) and their reproductive and phylogenetic relationships, 17 microsatellite loci, sequences of the mtDNA control region, and several morphological characteristics were analyzed. Our data indicate that eight reproductively isolated forms inhabit lakes Lama and Kapchuk, and at least three forms are distributed in Lake Sobach’e. The origin of the forms is associated with the secondary contact and hybridization of the European and Siberian phylogenetic lineages. The same names of the forms from different lakes of Taimyr and Chukotka, for example, Boganida charr and Dryagin’s charr, may reflect their certain morphological similarity, but rarely close relationships. Our data indirectly indicate that introgressive hybridization and biogeographical changes of the lakes within the region in the last glacial and post-glacial periods played a significant role in the formation of a high Arctic charr biodiversity. The problem associated with systematics, taxonomy, and conservation of the forms in Taimyr lakes is complex and should be solved gradually.

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Data availability

Sequence data are downloaded at GenBank; accession numbers MZ934408–MZ934411.

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Acknowledgements

We thank F. S. Lobyrev, V. A. Maksimov, K. A. Savvaitova. M. Yu. Pichugin, V. A. Zadelenov, I. A. Chereshnev, S. S. Alekseyev and Clemens Ratschan for help in the collection of the material.

Funding

This study was supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Project No. 17-04-00063).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, 119991

    Alexander G. Osinov & Dimitri A. Pavlov

  2. Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography (VNIRO), Moscow, Russia, 107140

    Alexander A. Volkov

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  1. Alexander G. Osinov
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  2. Alexander A. Volkov
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  3. Dimitri A. Pavlov
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Correspondence to Alexander G. Osinov.

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This article is dedicated to the memory of our colleagues K. A. Savvaitova and V. A. Maksimov (Department of Ichthyology, Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University) who made an invaluable contribution to the investigation of Arctic charr in Taimyr and throughout Russia.

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Osinov, A.G., Volkov, A.A. & Pavlov, D.A. Secondary contact, hybridization, and diversification in Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus (L.) species complex) from lakes of the Norilo-Pyasinskaya water system, Taimyr: how many forms exist there?. Hydrobiologia 849, 2521–2547 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-022-04869-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-022-04869-x

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