Abstract
Chlorantraniliprole, an anthranilic diamide insecticide with novel mode of action is found effective against several lepidopteran as well as coleopteran, dipteran, and hemipteran pests. The present studies were carried out to study the dissipation pattern of chlorantraniliprole on cauliflower and to suggest suitable waiting period for the safety of consumers. Quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe method was used for the extraction and cleanup of samples and the residues of chlorantraniliprole were estimated using high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) and confirmed by liquid chromatograph–mass spectrometer and high-performance thin layer chromatograph. Following three applications of chlorantraniliprole (Coragen 18.5 SC) at recommended dose (9.25 g a.i. ha−1) and double the recommended dose (18.50 g a.i. ha−1), the average initial deposits of chlorantraniliprole were observed to be 0.18 and 0.29 mg kg−1, respectively. These deposits were found to be less than the maximum residue limit of 2.0 mg kg−1 prescribed by the Codex Alimentarius Commission. These residues dissipated below the limit of quantification of 0.10 mg kg−1 after 3 and 5 days at recommended and double the recommended dosages, respectively. The half-life value (T 1/2) of chlorantraniliprole was worked out to be 1.36 days following its application at recommended dosages. Hence, the use of this pesticide at recommended dosages does not seem to pose any risk, and a waiting period of 1 day is suggested for safe consumption of cauliflower curds.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anastassiades, M., Lehotay, S. J., Stajnbaher, D., & Schenck, F. J. (2003). Fast and easy multiresidue method employing acetonitrile extraction/partitioning and “dispersive solid phase extraction” for the determination of pesticides residues in produce. Journal of AOAC International, 86, 412–431.
Anonymous. (2007) Rynaxypyr insect control. Rynaxypyr Technical Bulletin. Wilmington, DE: E.I. DuPont de Nemours & Co.
Anonymous. (2008) Package of Practices for Vegetables Crops. Ludhiana: Punjab Agricultural University. pp. 92–110.
Anonymous. (2009) Available from: www.indiastat.com
Anonymous. (2011) Guide to Codex Maximum Limits for Pesticide Residues. Rome: Food and Agricultural Organization.
Aysal, P., Ambrus, A., Lehotay, S. J., & Cannavan, A. (2007). Validation of an efficient method for the determination of pesticides residues in fruits and vegetables using ethyl acetate for extraction. Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part. B, 42, 481–490.
Bates, J. A. R. (1982). Recommended approaches to the production and evaluation of data on pesticide residues in food. Pure and Applied Chemistry, 58, 1361–1450.
Bates, R. (2002). Pesticide residues and risk assessment. Pesticide Outlook, 13, 142–145.
Bernhardt, J.L. (2008) Control of rice water weevil by seed treatments with Rynaxypyr and Thiamethoxam. AAES Research Series, 109–113.
Chahal, K. K., Joia, B. S., Battu, R. S., & Kang, B. K. (2000). Dissipation of triazophos on cauliflower. Annals of Plant Protection Sciences, 8, 278–280.
Cordova, D., Benner, E. A., Sacher, M. D., Rauh, J. J., Sopa, J. S., & Lahm, G. P. (2007). Elucidation of the mode of action of Rynaxypyr™, a selective ryanodine receptor activator. In H. Ohkawa, H. Miyagawa, & P. W. Lee (Eds.), Pesticide chemistry: crop protection, public health and environmental safety (pp. 121–125). Weinheim: Wiley.
Deivendran, A., Kumari, B., & Yadav, G. (2006). Dissipation of endosulfan and dichlorvos residues in/on cauliflower curds. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 116, 307–313.
Gunther, F. A., & Blinn, R. C. (1955). Analysis of insecticides and acaricides (p. 696). New York: Interscience Publishers Inc.
Gupta, A., & Singh, B. (2001). Dissipation of fenvalerate residues in cauliflower. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 66, 24–28.
Hannig, G. T., Ziegler, M., & Marçon, P. G. (2009). Feeding cessation effects of chlorantraniliprole, a new anthranilic diamide insecticide, in comparison with several insecticides in distinct chemical classes and mode-of-action groups. Pest Management Science, 65, 969–974.
Hoskins, W. M. (1966). Mathematical treatment of the rate of loss of pesticide residues. FAO Plant Protectection Bulletin, 9, 163–168.
Ioriatti, C., Anfora, G., Angeli, G., Mazzoni, V., & Trona, F. (2009). Effects of chlorantraniliprole on eggs and larvae of Lobesia botrana (Denis & Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Pest Management Science, 65, 717–722.
Joia, B. S., Battu, R. S., Chahal, K. K., & Kang, B. K. (1998). Dissipation of lindane on cauliflower and brinjal fruits under sub-tropical conditions in Punjab, India. Pestology, 22, 22–24.
Knight, A. L., & Flexner, L. (2007). Disruption of mating in codling moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) by chlorantranilipole, an anthranilic diamide insecticide. Pest Management Science, 63, 180–189.
Kuhar, T. P., Doughty, H., Hitchner, E., & Cassell, M. (2008). Evaluation of foliar insecticides for the control of colorado potato beetle on potatoes in Virginia. Arthropod Management Tests, 33, E8.
Lahm, G. P., Stevenson, T. M., Selby, T. P., Freudenberger, J. H., Cordova, D., & Flexner, L. (2007). Rynaxypyr™: a new insecticidal anthranilic diamide that acts as a potent and selective ryanodine receptor activator. Bioorganic and Medical Chemical Letters, 17, 6274–6279.
Lehotay, S. J. (2007). Determination of pesticide residues in food by acetonitrile extraction and partitioning with magnesium sulfate: collaborative study. Journal of AOAC International, 90, 485–520.
Lehotay, S. J., De Kok, A., Hiemstra, M., & Van, B. P. (2005). Validation of a fast and easy method for the determination of 229 pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables using gas and liquid chromatography and mass spectrometric detection. Journal of AOAC International, 88, 595–614.
Lesuer, C., Knittl, P., Gartner, M., Mentler, A., & Fuerhacker, M. (2008). Analysis of 140 pesticides from conventional farming foodstuff samples after extraction with the modified QuEChERS method. Food Control, 19, 906–914.
Mandal, K., Jyot, G., & Singh, B. (2009). Dissipation kinetics of spinosad on cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis. L.) under subtropical conditions of Punjab, India. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 83, 808–811.
Nguyen, T. D., Yu, J. I., Lee, D. M., & Lee, G. H. (2008). A multiresidue method for the determination of 107 pesticides in cabbage and radish using QuEChERS sample preparation method and gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Food Chemistry, 110, 207–213.
Palumbo, J. C. (2008). Systemic efficacy of Coragen applied through drip irrigation on romaine lettuce, fall. Arthropod Management Tests, 33, E36.336.
Schuster, D. J. (2007). Silverleaf whitefly and leaf-miner management on squash, spring. Arthropod Management Tests, 32, E45.
Singh, I. P., & Mukherjee, U. (1993). Dissipation of monocrotophos residues in/on leaves and curds of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis). Jurnal of Insect Science, 6, 142–143.
Singh, B., Singh, P., Battu, R. S., & Kalra, R. L. (1988). Residues of quinalphos in different parts of cauliflower crops. Journal of Insect Science, 1, 178–181.
Teixeira, L. A., Gut, L. J., Wise, J. C., & Isaacs, R. (2009). Lethal and sublethal effects of chlorantraniliprole on three species of Rhagoletis fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae). Pest Management Science, 65, 137–143.
Temple, J. H., Pommireddy, P. L., Cook, D. R., Marçon, P., & Leonard, B. R. (2009). Susceptibility of selected lepidopteran pests to Rynaxypyr®, a Novel Insecticide. Journal of Cotton Science, 13, 23–31.
Acknowledgments
Authors are thankful to the Head, Department of Entomology, PAU, Ludhiana for providing the necessary research facilities to carry out these studies.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kar, A., Mandal, K. & Singh, B. Environmental fate of chlorantraniliprole residues on cauliflower using QuEChERS technique. Environ Monit Assess 185, 1255–1263 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-012-2629-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-012-2629-6