Abstract
The identification of the red giant branch bump brightness in metal-poor globular clusters is important for low-mass stellar evolution. The release of Gaia DR2 prompted us to revisit the red giant branch bump (RGBB) in galactic globular clusters. We apply a popular nonparametric density estimation approach, kernel density estimation (KDE), to explore the position of RGBB in 7 metal-poor globular clusters (GCs). The \(G\) and \(V\) magnitudes of the RGBB according to our clustering algorithm, \(G_{B,K}\) and \(V_{B,K}\), respectively show the RGB bump magnitude detected by the KDE method in \(G\) band and \(V\) band. They show the overdensity location in the luminosity function of the RGB stars. Based on the results derived by KDE, a maximum-likelihood analysis via a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach is adopted to detect the RGB bump feature and obtain more accurate RGBB brightnesses in \(G\) band and \(V\) band for the samples. We find that the red giant branch bump brightness becomes fainter as the global metallicity increases in clusters with \([\text{M}/\text{H}]\leq-1.4\). We present the empirical relation between the global metallicity \([\text{M}/\text{H}]\) and absolute magnitude \(M_{V}\) of the red giant branch bump for clusters with \([\text{M}/\text{H}]\leq-1.4\). We verify that discrepancies between observations and theory for metal-poor globular clusters with \([\text{M}/\text{H}]\leq-1.4\).
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Acknowledgements
This work was partially funded by the NSFC of China (Grant Nos. 11333006, 11521303, 11373020, 11503079, 11603009, 11503076, 11503079, 11773064, 11803009, 11863003, and 12073069) and the foundation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDB09010202). This work was partially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province under grant Nos. 2016J05013, Nos. 2018J05006 and Nos. 2018J05007, the Education Department of Fujian Province JAT200272, the Key Laboratory for the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. OP201404 and B615015), the Yunnan Natural Science Foundation (No. 2019FB008) and Yunnan Applied Basic Research Projects (grant No. 2017B008) and the Science Foundation of Jimei University (Grant No. C613030 and No. C519141(ZP2020060)). This work has made use of data from the European Space Agency (ESA) mission Gaia (https://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia), processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC, https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dpac/consortium). Funding for the DPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular, institutions participating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement. F. Song also gratefully acknowledges the computing time granted by the Yunnan Observatories, and provided on the facilities at the Yunnan Observatories Supercomputing Platform.
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Song, F., Yuan, Z., Li, Y. et al. Red giant branch bump brightness in 7 metal-poor globular clusters obtained with GAIA DR2. Astrophys Space Sci 367, 32 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10509-022-04058-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10509-022-04058-1