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Evaluating and Modeling of the Seedling Growth Ability of Wheat Seeds as Affected by Shallow-Saline Groundwater Conditions

Bewertung und Modellierung des Keimlingswachstums von Weizensamen unter flachen, salzhaltigen Grundwasserbedingungen

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Abstract

The adverse effects of shallow-saline groundwater may vary among crucial growth stages of crops by decreasing crop growth and productivity. The present study aimed to assess the germination and seedling growth ability of wheat seeds grown in four different (0.38, 2.0, 4.0, and 8.0 dSm−1) groundwater salinities (GWS) and three (30, 55, and 80 cm) groundwater depths (GWD) condition. To achieve this aim, wheat crops were grown in drainable lysimeters under rain shelter conditions until the maturity stage, and then wheat seeds were harvested from various saline groundwater conditions. Afterward, wheat seeds were germinated to identify the performance of germination and seedling growth attributes. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to determine the optimal growing wheat seeds condition, which had high early seedling growth performance. The results showed that the seedling growth performance of wheat seeds increased with increasing GWDs, while decreased with increasing GWSs. Based on the RSM findings, we suggest that GWD and GWS should be at least 42 cm and at most 5.46 dSm−1, respectively, for sustainable higher wheat yield and seed quality. Finally, this study could provide considerable information for selecting strong and healthy wheat seeds grown under shallow saline groundwater conditions.

Zusammenfassung

Die nachteiligen Auswirkungen von flachem, salzhaltigem Grundwasser können in den verschiedenen Wachstumsstadien von Kulturpflanzen unterschiedlich sein, da sie das Wachstum und die Produktivität der Pflanzen beeinträchtigen. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, die Keimung und das Wachstum von Weizensamen zu bewerten, die bei vier verschiedenen Grundwassersalzgehalten (0,38, 2,0, 4,0 und 8,0 dSm−1) und drei Grundwassertiefen (30, 55 und 80 cm) angebaut wurden. Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen, wurden Weizenkulturen in entwässerbaren Lysimetern unter Regenschutzbedingungen bis zur Reife angebaut und dann Weizensamen unter verschiedenen salzhaltigen Grundwasserbedingungen geerntet. Anschließend wurden die Weizensamen zur Keimung gebracht, um die Eigenschaften der Keimung und des Wachstums der Keimlinge zu ermitteln. Mithilfe der Response Surface Methodology (RSM) wurden die optimalen Wachstumsbedingungen für die Weizensamen ermittelt, die eine hohe Leistung beim frühen Keimlingswachstum erbrachten. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass die Keimlingswachstumsleistung von Weizensaatgut mit steigender Grundwassertiefe zunahm, während sie mit steigendem Grundwassersalzgehalt abnahm. Auf der Grundlage der RSM-Ergebnisse schlagen wir vor, dass Grundwassertiefe und Grundwassersalzgehalt mindestens 42 cm bzw. höchstens 5,46 dSm−1 betragen sollten, um nachhaltig höhere Weizenerträge und Saatgutqualität zu erzielen. Schließlich könnte diese Studie wichtige Informationen für die Auswahl starker und gesunder Weizensamen liefern, die unter flachen, salzhaltigen Grundwasserbedingungen angebaut werden.

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Funding

This study was funded by the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) under project number TOVAG 1160492. We thank TUBITAK for its financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agricultural Structures and Irrigation, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ondokuz Mayis, Samsun, Turkey

    Mehmet Sait Kiremit & Hakan Arslan

  2. Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ondokuz Mayis, Samsun, Turkey

    İsmail Sezer & Hasan Akay

Authors
  1. Mehmet Sait Kiremit
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  2. Hakan Arslan
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  3. İsmail Sezer
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  4. Hasan Akay
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Correspondence to Mehmet Sait Kiremit.

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Conflict of interest

M.S. Kiremit, H. Arslan, İ. Sezer and H. Akay declare that they have no competing interests.

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Kiremit, M.S., Arslan, H., Sezer, İ. et al. Evaluating and Modeling of the Seedling Growth Ability of Wheat Seeds as Affected by Shallow-Saline Groundwater Conditions. Gesunde Pflanzen 74, 357–369 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-021-00614-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-021-00614-x

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