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Cytotoxicity and release ions of endodontic sealers incorporated with a silver and vanadium base nanomaterial

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Abstract

The modification of endodontic sealers with nanoparticles to confer antimicrobial activity allow greater effect, with interaction at a molecular level. The nanostructured silver vanadate decorated with silver nanoparticles (AgVO3) is a nanomaterial unprecedented in dentistry for this application. This study incorporated the AgVO3 into three endodontic sealers of different compositions and evaluate the cytotoxicity and release of compounds. The groups of commercially available AH Plus, Sealer 26, and Endomethasone N and groups of the same sealers with incorporated AgVO3 (at concentrations 2.5, 5, 10%) were prepared, and extracts of the specimens were obtained for 24 h. The cell viability (cytotoxicity) of human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) was assessed after 24 h, 7 and 14 days. Silver (Ag+) and vanadium (V4+/V5+) ion release was quantified after 24 h by ICP-MS. Data were analyzed by Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn’s post-hoc (α = 0.05). The cell viability was inversely proportional to treatment time. The Sealer 26 and Endomethasone N groups were cytotoxic for HGF cells, regardless of the incorporation of the AgVO3 (p > 0.05), and the incorporation reduced cell viability of AH Plus (p < 0.05). The release of ions was proportional to the concentration of AgVO3. AH Plus released more Ag+ ions, and Sealer 26 and Endomethasone N releases more V4+/V5+ ions. In conclusion, it was not possible to confirm the influence of AgVO3 on HGF cell viability to Sealer 26 and Endomethasone N, however, nanomaterial influenced cell-viability to AH Plus, so the commercial sealers can be cytotoxic in synergy with the nanomaterial. The release of Ag+ and V4+/V5+ was proportional to the AgVO3 incorporated.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the cell brank of integrated research center of School of Dentistry of Bauru/University of São Paulo, Brazil.

Funding

This work was supported by the Foundation for Research Support of the State of São Paulo [FAPESP—Grant Number 2017/04667-0]; Coordination for the improvement of higher education personnel [CAPES—Grant Number 001]; and National Council for Scientific and Technological Development [CNPq—Grant Number 140139/2017-6].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departament of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil

    Ana Beatriz Vilela Teixeira, Denise Tornavoi de Castro & Andréa Cândido dos Reis

  2. Departament of Natural Sciences, Federal University of São João Del-Rei, Praça Dom Helvécio, 74, Campus Dom Bosco, São João Del-Rei, MG, 36301-160, Brazil

    Marco Antônio Schiavon

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  1. Ana Beatriz Vilela Teixeira
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  2. Denise Tornavoi de Castro
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  4. Andréa Cândido dos Reis
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Contributions

The authors ABVT and ACDR contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by ABVT, DTDC and MAS. The first draft of the manuscript was written by ABVT and ACDR. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ana Beatriz Vilela Teixeira.

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Teixeira, A.B.V., de Castro, D.T., Schiavon, M.A. et al. Cytotoxicity and release ions of endodontic sealers incorporated with a silver and vanadium base nanomaterial. Odontology 108, 661–668 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-020-00507-x

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