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The effect of low-level laser irradiation on hyperglycemia-induced inflammation in human gingival fibroblasts

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Abstract

Hyperglycemia-induced inflammation can greatly increase the risk of periodontal disease in people with diabetes. Low-level laser irradiation (LLLI) has been used for wound healing and anti-inflammation in many cases, and LLLI is known to inhibit the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated inflammatory response. However, the therapeutic effect of LLLI in diabetes patients with periodontitis remains unknown. In this study, we cultured human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) in high-glucose medium (35 mM) to mimic a hyperglycemic environment, and then measured the anti-inflammatory effect of LLLI by assessing the expression of pro-inflammatory genes including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results demonstrated no significant inflammatory response in HGFs cultured in mannitol medium and in those treated only with LLLI. However, HGFs cultured only in high-glucose medium showed significantly higher expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine than in those treated together with LLLI. We then observed that LLLI reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in HGFs cultured in high-glucose medium by modulating cAMP signaling. We also investigated whether antioxidant (vitamin C) treatment reduced the inflammatory effect of oxidative stress in HGFs cultured in high-glucose medium but found no additive effect upon co-treatment with LLLI, suggesting that LLLI may activate cAMP signaling, but not reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling, to reduce the high glucose-induced inflammation. In conclusion, LLLI may have an anti-inflammatory effect on HGFs in a high glucose environment and may benefit the treatment of periodontal disease in diabetes patients.

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Funding

This study was funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan (MOST-104-2314-B-037-059-) and Kaohsiung Medical University Aim for the TOP Universities Grants (KMU-TP103B08 and KMU-TP104B11).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral Hygiene, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

    Kun-Tsung Denzel Lee

  2. Department of Dentistry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

    Kun-Tsung Denzel Lee

  3. School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan

    Kun-Tsung Denzel Lee, Min-Hsuan Chiang, Ping-Ho Chen, Huey-Er Lee & Yan-Hsiung Wang

  4. Orthopaedic Research Center, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

    Min-Hsuan Chiang, Mei-Ling Ho & Yan-Hsiung Wang

  5. Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

    Ping-Ho Chen & Yan-Hsiung Wang

  6. Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

    Ping-Ho Chen

  7. Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

    Mei-Ling Ho

  8. Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

    Mei-Ling Ho

  9. School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan

    Hong-Zin Lee

  10. Department of Dentistry, Yuan’s General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

    Huey-Er Lee

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  1. Kun-Tsung Denzel Lee
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  2. Min-Hsuan Chiang
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  3. Ping-Ho Chen
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  4. Mei-Ling Ho
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  7. Yan-Hsiung Wang
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Correspondence to Yan-Hsiung Wang.

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This study was independently reviewed and approved by the human subjects ethics board of Kaohsiung Medical University and was conducted in accordance with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Lee, KT.D., Chiang, MH., Chen, PH. et al. The effect of low-level laser irradiation on hyperglycemia-induced inflammation in human gingival fibroblasts. Lasers Med Sci 34, 913–920 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-018-2675-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-018-2675-6

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