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Assessment of the effect of laser irradiations at different wavelengths (660, 810, 980, and 1064 nm) on autophagy in a rat model of mucositis

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Abstract

It is known that high-dose radiation has an effect on tissue healing, but tissue healing does not occur when low dose radiation is applied. To clarify this issue, we compare the treatment success of low dose radiation with programmed cell death mechanisms on wounded tissue. In this study, we aimed to investigate the interactions of low and high-dose radiation using an autophagic mechanism. We included 35 adult Wistar-Albino rats in this study. All animals were injected with 100 mg/kg of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on the first day and 65 mg/kg of 5-FU on the third day. The tips of 18-gauge needles were used to develop a superficial scratching on the left cheek pouch mucosa by dragging in a linear movement on third and fifth days. After mucositis formation was clinically detected, animals were divided into five groups (n = 7). Different wavelengths of laser irradiations (1064 nm, Fidelis Plus, Fotona, Slovenia; 980 nm, FOX laser, A.R.C., Germany; 810 nm, Fotona XD, Fotona, Slovenia; 660 nm, HELBO, Medizintechnik GmbH, Wels, Austria) were performed on four groups once daily for 4 days. The laser irradiation was not performed on the control group. To get the tissue from the left cheek at the end of fourth day from all animals, oval excisional biopsy was performed. Molecular analysis assessments of pathological and normal tissue taken were performed. For this purpose, the expression analysis of autophagy genes was performed. The results were evaluated by normalization and statistics analysis. We found that Ulk1, Beclin1, and Atg5 expression levels were increased in the rats when the Nd:YAG laser was applied. This increase showed that a 1064-nm laser is needed to activate the autophagic mechanism. However, in the diode applications, we found that Beclin1, Atg10, Atg5, and Atg7 expressions numerically decreased. Atg5 is responsible for the elongation of autophagosome. Becn1 is a control gene in the control mechanism of autophagy. The reduction of the expression of these genes leads us to think that it may depend on the effect of drug (5-FU) used to form model. Expressions of therapeutic genes increase to ensure hemostasis, but in our study, expressions were found to decrease. More detailed studies are needed.

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Ethical statement

The experimental protocol applied in the study was confirmed by the Institutional Animal Care and Ethics Committee of the Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey (12.2010-01).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey

    Mehmet Bostanciklioglu, Şeniz Demiryürek, Tuncer Demir, Halime Kübra Özbal & Cahit Bagci

  2. Department of Medical Genetic, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey

    Beyhan Cengiz

  3. Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey

    Serdar Öztuzcu & Sercan Ergün

  4. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey

    Mutan Hamdi Aras

  5. Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey

    Semih Özsevik

  6. Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bezmialem University, İstanbul, Turkey

    Aslihan Usumez

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  1. Mehmet Bostanciklioglu
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  2. Şeniz Demiryürek
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Correspondence to Mehmet Bostanciklioglu.

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Bostanciklioglu, M., Demiryürek, Ş., Cengiz, B. et al. Assessment of the effect of laser irradiations at different wavelengths (660, 810, 980, and 1064 nm) on autophagy in a rat model of mucositis. Lasers Med Sci 30, 1289–1295 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-015-1727-4

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