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Cluster headache, beyond the pain: a comparative cross-sectional study

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Abstract

Objective

To compare the presence of allodynia, pain catastrophizing, and the impact of headaches on patients with cluster headache (CH) and healthy individuals. Our second aim was to analyze the relationship between catastrophism, psychological comorbidities, and the impact in CH.

Methods

We designed this cross-sectional study to compare various factors among 47 patients diagnosed with CH and 40 healthy controls, and then focus on catastrophism, anxiety, depression, and impact in the CH group.

Results

There were statistically significant differences between CH and the asymptomatic group in Allodynia Symptom Checklist (ASC) (p < 0.001), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (p < 0.001), and HIT-6 (p < 0.001) scores. We found a correlation among ASC, PCS, anxiety-depression, EuroQoL, and HIT-6 for the CH group. In this group, we observed a strong positive correlation between PCS and anxiety (rho = 0.69; p < 0.001), PCS and depression (rho = 0.62; p < 0.001) and depression and EuroQoL (rho = − 0.68; p < 0.001). The regression model showed that the combination of anxiety and HIT-6 was a significant predictor of PCS (adjusted R2 = 0.52).

Discussion

Our findings reveal significant differences regarding allodynia, pain catastrophism, and impact in CH group compared with controls. We found a significant relationship between psychological comorbidity, pain catastrophism, and quality of life in CH patients. Anxiety and HIT-6 were a predictor (adjusted R2 = 52%) of pain catastrophism. Screening for these comorbidities should be implemented through a multidisciplinary approach.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain

    Javier Díaz-de-Terán, María Sastre-Real & Luis Lobato-Pérez

  2. La Paz University Hospital Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain

    Javier Díaz-de-Terán, María Sastre-Real, Luis Lobato-Pérez & Alfonso Gil-Martínez

  3. CranioSPain Research Group, Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain

    Javier Díaz-de-Terán, Gonzalo Navarro-Fernández, Ignacio Elizagaray-García & Alfonso Gil-Martínez

  4. Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/La Salle, 10, Edificio C, 28036, Madrid, Spain

    Gonzalo Navarro-Fernández, Ignacio Elizagaray-García & Alfonso Gil-Martínez

  5. Unit of Physiotherapy, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain

    Alfonso Gil-Martínez

Authors
  1. Javier Díaz-de-Terán
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  2. María Sastre-Real
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  4. Gonzalo Navarro-Fernández
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Alfonso Gil-Martínez.

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All participants voluntarily signed the informed consent after the explanation of the study, ensuring the confidentiality of their personal data. This study was approved by the Ethics and Clinical Research Committee of La Paz University Hospital (PI-3387).

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Díaz-de-Terán, J., Sastre-Real, M., Lobato-Pérez, L. et al. Cluster headache, beyond the pain: a comparative cross-sectional study. Neurol Sci 42, 3673–3680 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-020-04996-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-020-04996-0

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