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Critical-sized marginal defects around implants in the rabbit mandible

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Abstract

Background

The mandible of the rabbit is considered a reliable model to be used to study bone regeneration in defects. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the formation of new bone around implants installed in defects of either 5 or 10 mm in the mandible of rabbits.

Materials and methods

In 12 rabbits, 3 mm deep circumferential defect, either 5 or 10 mm in diameter, were prepared bilaterally and an implant was placed in the center. A collagen membrane was placed to close the entrance. After 10 weeks, biopsies were taken, histological slides were prepared, and different regions of the defects were analyzed.

Results

Similar amounts of new bone were found in both defects. However, most of the 5 mm defects were filled with new bone. New bone was observed closing the entrance of the defect and laid onto the implant surface. Only in a few cases the healing was incomplete. Despite a similar percentage of new bone found within the 10 mm defects, the healing was incomplete in most of the cases, presenting a low rate of bone formation onto the implant surface within the defect. Only one case presented the closure of the entrance.

Conclusions

The dimensions of the defect strongly influenced the healing so that a circumferential marginal defect of 10 mm around an implant in the mandible body should be considered a critical-sized defect. The presence of the implant and of residues of teeth might have strongly influenced the healing.

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Data availability

No datasets were generated or analysed during the current study.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Dr. Vitor Ferreira Balan for the surgical procedures and Mr. Sebas-tiao Blanco (University of São Paulo, Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto) for processing the histological slides. The scientific contribution in the histological assessment by Dr. Alí Karol Apaza Alccayhuaman (Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria) was greatly appreciated. The implants were donated by Leader Medica, Padua, Italy.

Funding

The study was economically supported by ARDEC Academy, Italy.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral Implantology, Osaka Dental University, 8-1 Kuzuhahanazonocho, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-1121, Japan

    Akihiro Morimoto, Kenzo Morinaga, Daniele Botticelli, Yasushi Nakajima & Shunsuke Baba

  2. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av. do Café - Subsetor Oeste - 11 (N-11), Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil

    Samuel Porfirio Xavier & Erick Ricardo Silva

  3. ARDEC Academy, Rimini, 47923, Italy

    Daniele Botticelli

Authors
  1. Akihiro Morimoto
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  2. Samuel Porfirio Xavier
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  3. Erick Ricardo Silva
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  4. Kenzo Morinaga
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  5. Daniele Botticelli
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  6. Yasushi Nakajima
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  7. Shunsuke Baba
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Contributions

A.M. contributed in the conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, data curation, writing the original draft and reviewing the final version of the article.S.P.X. reviewing the final version of the article in the conceptualization, methodology, and investigation.E.R.S. in investigation.K.M. contributed contributed in conceptualization and reviewing and editing the article.D.B. contributed contributed in conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, data curation, writing the original draft and reviewing and editing the article, project administration and funding acquisition.Y.N. contributed in methodology, project administration and funding acquisition.S.B. contributed in conceptualization, supervision of the project, reviewing and editing the article.All authors have read and approved the article before submission for publication.

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Correspondence to Daniele Botticelli.

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Morimoto, A., Porfirio Xavier, S., Ricardo Silva, E. et al. Critical-sized marginal defects around implants in the rabbit mandible. Oral Maxillofac Surg (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10006-024-01233-2

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