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The severity and extent of periodontitis is associated with cardio-ankle vascular index, a novel arterial stiffness parameter

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Abstract

Objectives

To evaluate the association between the severity and extent of periodontitis and arterial stiffness using the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI).

Materials and methods

A cross-sectional study of 2888 Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand (EGAT) employees aged 44–78 years was conducted. The severity of periodontitis was evaluated based on mean clinical attachment level (CAL). The percentage of sites with CAL ≥ 5 mm was used to divide the extent of periodontitis into healthy (0%), localized (> 0–< 30%), and generalized (≥ 30%). The CAVI value, a novel blood pressure-independent arterial stiffness parameter, was analyzed as both continuous and categorical data (low: < 9 or high: ≥ 9). Regression analysis was used to estimate the level of association.

Results

The participants demonstrated a mean CAL, % sites with CAL ≥ 5 mm, and a CAVI value of 3.2 ± 1.2 mm, 16.0 ± 20.8%, and 8.24 ± 1.12, respectively. Higher mean CAVI was observed with greater mean CAL and % sites with CAL ≥ 5 mm. The mean CAVI of the healthy, localized, and generalized periodontitis groups were 8.01 ± 1.11, 8.22 ± 1.12, and 8.51 ± 1.04, respectively (p < 0.01). Linear and logistic regression analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between CAVI and all periodontal variables with β = 0.004–0.17 and OR = 1.01–1.58, respectively.

Conclusions

There is a significant dose-dependent association between the severity and extent of periodontitis and arterial stiffness measured by CAVI in Thai adults.

Clinical relevance

Preventing arterial stiffness, an early sign of cardiovascular events, by controlling the emerging risk factors, such as periodontitis, might have a high impact on health promotion.

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Acknowledgments

We acknowledge Assoc. Prof. Suphot Tamsailom for his advice in study design and data interpretation and Ms. Nisakorn Thongmung for data gathering. We also thank Dr. Kevin Tompkins (Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University) for language revision.

Funding

This research was financially supported by Chulalongkorn Academic Advancement into its 2nd Century Project (CUAASC) and Special Research Funding for Faculty, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, 34 Henri-Dunant Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand

    Kansurang Chansawang, Attawood Lertpimonchai, Nisachon Siripaiboonpong & Orawan Charatkulangkun

  2. Center of Excellence in Periodontal Disease and Dental Implant, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand

    Attawood Lertpimonchai, Nisachon Siripaiboonpong & Orawan Charatkulangkun

  3. Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand, Nonthaburi, 11130, Thailand

    Lalitsara Thienpramuk

  4. Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand

    Prin Vathesatogkit & Thosaphol Limpijankit

Authors
  1. Kansurang Chansawang
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  2. Attawood Lertpimonchai
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Contributions

Kansurang Chansawang: Formal analysis, investigation, and writing—original draft, project administration. Attawood Lertpimonchai: software, methodology, and writing—review and editing. Nisachon Siripaiboonpong: investigation and writing—review and Editing. Lalitsara Thienpramuk: resources. Prin Vathesatogkit: resources, investigation, and writing—review and editing. Thosaphol Limpijankit: resources, investigation, and writing—review and editing. Orawan Charatkulangkun: conceptualization, funding acquisition, methodology, writing—review and editing, and supervision.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Orawan Charatkulangkun.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethics approval

Approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University (HREC-DCU 2018-067) and Ramathibodi Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mahidol University, Thailand. The procedures used in this study adhered to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Chansawang, K., Lertpimonchai, A., Siripaiboonpong, N. et al. The severity and extent of periodontitis is associated with cardio-ankle vascular index, a novel arterial stiffness parameter. Clin Oral Invest 25, 3487–3495 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03670-1

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