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Variations in pulp volume between normotensive and hypertensive individuals on CBCT imaging

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Abstract

Objectives

To compare the pulp volume of individuals with altered and normal systemic blood pressure (BP) in order to verify if high BP promotes dimensional modifications in the pulp space.

Materials and methods

Cone beam computed tomography scans of 91 patients (49 females and 42 males, mean age 31.7 ± 6.38 years) who had a healthy maxillary canine were selected. Values of arterial BP measured at two dental visits were used to classify the sample as normal BP (< 130 × 80 mmHg) and altered BP (≥ 130 × 80 mmHg); 49 patients had normal BP and 42 had altered BP. One oral radiologist evaluated each patient’s pulp and tooth volumes, using semi-automatic segmentation, and the tooth length. Data were submitted to Student’s t test and logistic regression, with a significance level of 5% (p < 0.05).

Results

Pulp volume (p = 0.0027), pulp volume/tooth volume (p = 0.0013), and pulp volume/tooth length (p = 0.0007) ratios were greater in the altered BP group. Conversely, there was no difference in tooth volume between the groups (p = 0.0697). A logistic regression model (p = 0.0002) using pulp volume and age enabled the development of a formula for predicting altered BP, with 68% accuracy.

Conclusions

Individuals with altered systemic BP have greater pulp volumes than those with normal BP. The formula developed in this study may indicate the presence of altered BP.

Clinical relevance

As arterial hypertension is a silent disease that produces no warning signs or symptoms, identification of modifications in the pulp volume in cone beam computed tomography scans may be an adjuvant sign of the diagnosis of this disease.

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Funding

This research was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) – Finance Code 001.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil

    Amanda Farias Gomes & Deborah Queiroz Freitas

  2. Department of Integrative Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA

    Saulo L. Sousa Melo

  3. Oral Radiology Area, Dental School, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil

    Yuri Nejaim

  4. Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil

    Francisco Carlos Groppo

  5. Department of Endodontics, College of Dentistry and Dental Clinics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA

    Fabrício B. Teixeira

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  1. Amanda Farias Gomes
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Correspondence to Amanda Farias Gomes.

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All procedures performed in this study were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the local Institutional Review Board (IRB #201810768), and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Farias Gomes, A., Sousa Melo, S.L., Nejaim, Y. et al. Variations in pulp volume between normotensive and hypertensive individuals on CBCT imaging. Clin Oral Invest 24, 4069–4076 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-020-03279-4

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