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Impact of Hyperbaric Oxygen on the Healing of Teeth Extraction Sockets and Alveolar Ridge Preservation

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Abstract

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) in the healing of teeth extraction sockets and in alveolar ridge preservation. This may provide an experimental basis for the widespread application of HBO in oral implantation.

Methods

A total of 32 beagle dogs were included in the study and randomly divided equally between an HBO group treated with hyperbaric oxygen (100% O2, 2.4 atm, 90 min/day, 5 times/week, 6 weeks) and a normobaric oxygen (NBO) group treated with normal air in the same chamber. The lateral incisors of the maxillary and mandible of each dog were extracted, and the right upper and lower incisor extraction sockets (A2C2) were allowed to heal naturally, while left upper and lower incisor sockets (B2D2) received implants of a commercial bone substitute. At 4 and 8 weeks after surgery, clinical observation, cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT), histomorphology observation, and expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) were analyzed to evaluate new bone formation, mineralization, and reconstruction.

Results

After 4 and 8 weeks, bone width and lip contour of the extraction socket in the NBO group were significantly reduced and collapsed in comparison with the HBO group. CBCT showed that the difference in vertical height between the alveolar crest of the labial tongue and palatal side of the extraction sockets was smaller in the HBO than NBO group. There was a significant difference in new bone formation (P < 0.05) and bone mineral density (P < 0.05) between the HBO and NBO groups, and the HBO group showed significantly greater new bone and bone reconstruction based on histology. Furthermore, the expression levels of VEGF and BMP-2 were higher in the HBO group.

Conclusion

HBO reduced bone resorption and promoted early bone formation, bone mineralization, and reconstruction in the extraction sockets. HBO greatly reduced the healing time of the extraction sockets and promoted alveolar ridge preservation, thus showing promise for the clinic.

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Funding

The work was supported by the Science Research Subject of the Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital (Chengdu, China).

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Author notes

    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China

      Juan Liao & Yan-dong Mu

    2. Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China

      Jing Ren & Wei Qing

    3. Department of Anesthesiology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, No. 32 West Second Section, First Ring Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

      Peng Li

    Authors
    1. Juan Liao
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    2. Jing Ren
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    3. Wei Qing
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    4. Yan-dong Mu
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    5. Peng Li
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    Contributions

    Liao Juan: Designed and performed the experiments and collected and analyzed the data. Ren Jing: Designed the experiments, analyzed the data, and wrote the manuscript. Qing Wei: Assisted in the animal experiments, collected the data, and revised the manuscript. Li Peng: Took part in the animal experiments and data collection. Mu Yan-dong: Designed the experiments, determined the research methods, and analyzed the data.

    Corresponding author

    Correspondence to Peng Li.

    Ethics declarations

    Conflicts of Interest

    The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

    Ethical approval

    The Ethics Committee of the Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital approved the study protocol. The Ethics Committee of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital approved the experiment on May 19, 2017 [approval no. Ethics (Research), No. 130 in 2017]. The study complies with all recommended principles for the care and use of animals.

    Informed consent

    Not applicable to this animal study.

    Additional information

    Publisher’s note

    Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

    Liao Juan, Ren Jing and Qing Wei contributed equally to the work and shared first authorship work.

    Clinical relevance

    Scientific rationale for study: The effects of hyperbaric oxygen on spontaneous healing and preservation of the extraction socket were studied in a preclinical beagle model.

    Principal findings

    Hyperbaric oxygen can promote bone formation and reconstruction in the extraction socket, reduce bone resorption during healing, and promote bone healing during preservation of the extraction socket.

    Practical implications

    Applying hyperbaric oxygen during natural healing and site preservation of the extraction socket can promote bone formation and bone remodeling, promote bone healing, and shorten treatment time. In this way, hyperbaric oxygen can shorten dental implant procedures.

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    Cite this article

    Liao, J., Ren, J., Qing, W. et al. Impact of Hyperbaric Oxygen on the Healing of Teeth Extraction Sockets and Alveolar Ridge Preservation. Clin Oral Invest 24, 2591–2601 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-019-03117-2

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    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-019-03117-2

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