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Changes in the oral health-related quality of life in adult patients with intellectual disabilities after dental treatment under general anesthesia

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Abstract

Objectives

This study aimed to assess self- and proxy-rated changes in the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in adult patients with intellectual disabilities after dental treatment in general anesthesia.

Methods

The OHRQoL in 52 adult patients with intellectual and developmental disabilities was assessed prior to dental treatment in general anesthesia (t0), 2 to 3 (t1) and 12 weeks (t2) postoperatively. Therefore, patients and primary cargivers were surveyed using either the 5-item short form of the Oral Health Impact Profile translated into easy language (OHIP-G5-easy, self-rating, n = 27) or the 14-item short form of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-G14, proxy-rating, n = 51), respectively. OHIP-G5-easy and OHIP-G14 summary scores were statistically analyzed with non-parametric mixed effects models and spearman correlation (p < 0.05). Additionally, the effect of demographic, anamnestic, oral health and treatment factors on QHRQoL or on changes of OHRQoL were analyzed using univariate and multivariate ordinal logistic regressions (p < 0.05).

Results

Self- (t0: 5.8 ± 4.6, t1: 4.3 ± 5.9, t2: 2.0 ± 3.9) and proxy-ratings (t0: 18.8 ± 11.6, t1: 10.1 ± 11.2, t2: 2.7 ± 5.3) revealed a significant improvement of OHRQoL after dental treatment in general anesthesia. Data showed a moderate correlation (p < 0.001, rSp = 0.43). OHRQoL at baseline was affected by the etiology of cognitive impairment and by the periodontal status (OHIP-G14). Improvement of OHRQoL was associated with the etiology of cognitive impairment (OHIP-G14) and the extent of dental treatment (OHIP-G5-easy).

Conclusion

Self- and proxy-ratings revealed a significant improvement of OHRQoL in patients with intellectual disabilities after dental treatment in general anesthesia.

Clinical relevance

Assessment of OHRQoL promotes patient-centred care of adults with intellectual disabilities.

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Funding

This study was funded by the institutions of the authors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, D-37075, Göttingen, Germany

    Anna-Lena Hillebrecht, Valentina Hrasky & Annette Wiegand

  2. Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany

    Christoph Anten

Authors
  1. Anna-Lena Hillebrecht
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  2. Valentina Hrasky
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  3. Christoph Anten
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  4. Annette Wiegand
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Correspondence to Annette Wiegand.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was reviewed and approved by the local ethics committee (No.11/1/16).

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Written informed consent was obtained from the legal guardians of the patients.

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Hillebrecht, AL., Hrasky, V., Anten, C. et al. Changes in the oral health-related quality of life in adult patients with intellectual disabilities after dental treatment under general anesthesia. Clin Oral Invest 23, 3895–3903 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-019-02820-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-019-02820-4

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